Bioenergetics

Question 1

What is bioenergetics?

Answer 1

The study of energy flow and energy transformations in biological systems.

Question 2

What is the primary source of energy for living organisms?

Answer 2

The sun.

Question 3

True or False: Photosynthesis occurs in the mitochondria of plant cells.

Answer 3

False.

Question 4

What is the equation for photosynthesis?

Answer 4

6CO2 + 6H2O + light energy -> C6H12O6 + 6O2.

Question 5

Fill in the blank: Glucose is produced during __________.

Answer 5

photosynthesis.

Question 6

What are the two main stages of photosynthesis?

Answer 6

Light-dependent reactions and the Calvin cycle.

Question 7

Where does cellular respiration take place in eukaryotic cells?

Answer 7

In the mitochondria.

Question 8

What is the main purpose of cellular respiration?

Answer 8

To convert glucose into ATP (adenosine triphosphate).

Question 9

True or False: Anaerobic respiration occurs in the presence of oxygen.

Answer 9

False.

Question 10

What is produced during anaerobic respiration in yeast?

Answer 10

Ethanol and carbon dioxide.

Question 11

What is the formula for aerobic respiration?

Answer 11

C6H12O6 + 6O2 -> 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP.

Question 12

What type of energy is stored in glucose?

Answer 12

Chemical energy.

Question 13

What is ATP?

Answer 13

Adenosine triphosphate, the energy currency of the cell.

Question 14

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a product of photosynthesis? A) Oxygen B) Carbon Dioxide C) Glucose D) Both A and C

Answer 14

D) Both A and C.

Question 15

What role do chlorophyll pigments play in photosynthesis?

Answer 15

They absorb light energy.

Question 16

Fill in the blank: The Calvin cycle takes place in the __________ of chloroplasts.

Answer 16

stroma.

Question 17

What is the significance of the light-dependent reactions?

Answer 17

They convert solar energy into chemical energy (ATP and NADPH).

Question 18

True or False: Cellular respiration can occur without glucose.

Answer 18

False, it primarily relies on glucose.

Question 19

What is the byproduct of aerobic respiration that is essential for life?

Answer 19

Oxygen.

Question 20

What is the main difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration?

Answer 20

Aerobic respiration requires oxygen, while anaerobic respiration does not.

Question 21

What is fermentation?

Answer 21

A metabolic process that converts sugar to acids, gases, or alcohol in the absence of oxygen.

Question 22

What is the primary function of the electron transport chain?

Answer 22

To produce ATP through oxidative phosphorylation.

Question 23

Multiple Choice: Which of the following processes generates the most ATP? A) Glycolysis B) Krebs Cycle C) Electron Transport Chain D) Fermentation

Answer 23

C) Electron Transport Chain.

Question 24

What is the role of NADH in cellular respiration?

Answer 24

It carries electrons to the electron transport chain.

Question 25

True or False: The Krebs cycle occurs in the cytoplasm.

Answer 25

False.

Question 26

Fill in the blank: The end products of glycolysis are __________.

Answer 26

pyruvate, ATP, and NADH.

Question 27

What is the role of oxygen in aerobic respiration?

Answer 27

To act as the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain.

Question 28

What is the significance of energy transfer in ecosystems?

Answer 28

It supports life processes and maintains ecological balance.

Question 29

What are autotrophs?

Answer 29

Organisms that produce their own food through photosynthesis or chemosynthesis.

Question 30

What are heterotrophs?

Answer 30

Organisms that obtain energy by consuming other organisms.

Question 31

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a stage of cellular respiration? A) Glycolysis B) Krebs Cycle C) Calvin Cycle D) Electron Transport Chain

Answer 31

C) Calvin Cycle.

Question 32

What is the primary energy currency used by cells?

Answer 32

ATP.

Question 33

True or False: Plants perform photosynthesis and respiration.

Answer 33

True.

Question 34

What is the overall efficiency of converting sunlight to chemical energy in photosynthesis?

Answer 34

Approximately 1-2%.