BIOL133Z Past exam 2 Flashcards
(26 cards)
Which of the following is NOT a primary tissue type?
a. Muscle
b. Nervous.
c. Epithelial.
d. Parenchyma
e. Connective
d. Parenchyma
Which of the following is an example of positive feedback?
a. The upstroke of the action potential.
b. A decline in lutenizing hormone after ovulation.
c. A rise in body temperature to normal following a period of shivering.
d. A fall in body temperature after a period of fasting.
e. A rise in blood glucose after a meal.
e. A rise in blood glucose after a meal.
Which one of the following functions is INCORRECTLY matched with the immune cells of mammals?
a. Neutrophils - highly mobile phagocytes.
b. Eosinophils - secrete chemicals that fight parasites.
c. Basophils - release histamine and heparin.
d. Monocytes change into macrophages.
e. B lymphocytes – that turn into T cells.
b. Eosinophils - secrete chemicals that fight parasites
Which one of the following are NOT associated with the invertebrate immune system?
a. Phagocytes or phagocyte-like cells.
b. Antibodies.
c. Cytokines
d. Natural killer cells.
e. Haemocytes.
b. Antibodies.
Which of the following is NOT true about gas transfer in animals?
a. The partial pressure of oxygen in the external media is around 150 mm Hg.
b. The partial pressure of oxygen inside the cells is around 100 mm Hg.
c. Oxygen diffusion occurs both at the air-lung interface and the capillary-tissues interface.
d. Oxygen mostly does not move by diffusion along the major blood vessels.
e. There is an inward gradient for the diffusion of oxygen from the outside to the internal tissues.
d. Oxygen mostly does not move by diffusion along the major blood vessels.
What is the intrapleural pressure in the human lung and what does it do?
a. 756 mm Hg and helps the alveolar region to deflate.
b. 756 mm Hg and helps the diaphragm move upwards on inspiration.
c. 756 mm Hg and helps the alveolar region to remain open.
d. 760 mm Hg and helps the alveolar region to deflate.
e. 760 mm Hg and helps the diaphragm to move downwards on expiration.
b. 756 mm Hg and helps the diaphragm move upwards on inspiration.
Which of the following is correct about skeletal muscle contraction?
a. Each myosin filament is surrounded by an array of actin filaments.
b. The thick filaments are made of myosin.
c. Tropomyosin is a contractile protein.
d. Answers (a) and (b) only.
e. Answers (a) and (c) only.
d. Answers (a) and (b) only?
What is metabolic scope?
a. The difference between standard metabolic rate and routine metabolic rate.
b. The maximum aerobic metabolic rate.
c. The difference between resting metabolic rate and standard metabolic rate.
d. The difference between standard metabolic rate and maximum aerobic metabolic rate.
e. The difference between maximum anaerobic metabolic rate and the maximum aerobic metabolic rate.
d. The difference between standard metabolic rate and maximum aerobic metabolic rate.
In animal locomotion, what problems do large marine mammals face?
a. Overcoming inertia at slow speeds.
b. Overcoming the cohesive forces of the water at slow speeds.
c. Living at a low Reynolds number.
d. Overcoming turbulent flow at low speeds.
e. Overcoming gravity at high speeds.
a. Overcoming inertia at slow speeds.
Which of the following is a major nutritional function of the digestive system?
a. Motility.
b. Secretion.
c. Digestion.
d. Absorption.
e. All of the above.
e. All of the above.
In the locomotion of teleost fishes, what does the white muscle do?
a. The main muscle used for buoyancy control.
b. The main muscle used for oxygen storage at depth.
c. The main muscle used for cruising over long distances.
d. The main muscle used for sprinting over short distances.
e. The main muscle for storing carbon dioxide at depth.
d. The main muscle used for sprinting over short distances.
Which of the following is CORRECT about the parasympathetic nervous system?
a. Both pre- and post-ganglionic neurones use acetylcholine.
b. Both pre- and post-ganglionic neurones use noradrenalin.
c. Has pre- and post-ganglionic neurones of the same length.
d. The post-ganglionic neuron is longer than the pre-ganglionic neuron.
e. There are adrenergic receptors on the target tissues.
a. Both pre- and post-ganglionic neurones use acetylcholine.
Regarding the basis of the action potential in nerves, what is the Na pump (the Na+K+-ATPase) responsible for?
a. The upstroke of the action potential.
b. Restoring the resting membrane potential in the refractory period.
c. Opening the Na+ gates.
d. The downstroke of the action potential.
e. All of these answers
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Which of the following is true about the osmoregulatory strategy of euryhaline marine teleosts in seawater?
a. They drink seawater and produce dilute urine.
b. They increase solute concentration of the plasma by producing large amounts of urea.
c. The gain water osmotically across the gills.
d. They excrete excess sodium in the urine.
e. The actively excrete sodium chloride across the gills
a. They drink seawater and produce dilute urine.
Which series of events occurring in the guard cells leads to stomatal opening?
a. Efflux of ions, water efflux, increase in guard cell turgor
b. Efflux of ions, water efflux, decrease in guard cell turgor
c. Influx of ions, water influx, decrease in guard cell turgor
d. Water efflux, efflux of ions, decrease in guard cell turgor
e. Influx of ions, water influx, increase in guard cell turgor
(e) Influx of ions, water influx, increase in guard cell turgor
Which of these statements is WRONG?
a. Vascular bundles contain ground tissue
b. Vascular bundles contain xylem
c. Vascular bundles contain phloem
d. Vascular bundles contain photosynthetic tissue
e. Vascular bundles are organised differently between dicot and monocot stems
e. Vascular bundles are organised differently between dicot and monocot stems
Which of these statements about the Casparian strip is WRONG?
a. It prevents diffusion within the apoplast
b. It is located at the endodermis
c. It contains lignin and/or suberin
d. It is shaped like a plate
e. It results in water being filtered by cells
e. It results in water being filtered by cells
Which of these is NOT a possible function of roots?
a. Resistance to rhizobia
b. Resistance to uprooting
c. Storage of carbohydrates
d. Micronutrient uptake
e. Resistance to overturning
a. Resistance to rhizobia
Which of these statements about photorespiration is wrong?
a. It is reduced in C4 and CAM photosynthesis compared to C3 synthesis
b. It is related to an excess of electrons in the electron transport chain
c. It is detrimental to photosynthesis efficiency
d. It involves Rubisco carrying out an oxygenation reaction
e. It increases with temperature
b. It is related to an excess of electrons in the electron transport chain
Which of the following is directly linked to the synthesis of ATP?
a. The accumulation of reactive oxygen species
b. The reduction of plastoquinone
c. A proton gradient across the thylakoid membrane
d. Water splitting
e. The Calvin-Benson cycle
e. The Calvin-Benson cycle
Which of these is NOT characteristic of sexual reproduction in angiosperms?
a. Double fertilisation
b. Pollen tube growth
c. The formation of a triploid endosperm
d. The formation of a diploid zygote
e. Gametes arising directly from meiosis
e. Gametes arising directly from meiosis
Which of the following does NOT happen during seed germination in angiosperms?
a. Imbibition
b. Rupture of the seed coat
c. Photosynthesis
d. Respiration
e. Reserve mobilisation
e. Reserve mobilisation
Which of these are defining characteristics of all plastids?
a. A double membrane and its own DNA
b. A double membrane and chlorophyll
c. A double membrane and a cell wall
d. A stroma and chlorophyll
e. A stroma and a cell wall
a. A double membrane and its own DNA
Which of the following statements are true of Green Fluorescent Protein?
a. It is a jellyfish protein
b. It can be used to “tag” and follow plant cellular proteins
c. It translocates from endodermis to cortical cells
d. Statements a, b and c
e. Only statements a and b
d. Statements a, b and c
