BIOLOGICAL APPROACH Flashcards
(30 cards)
TRAITS
- characteristics that make up a personality
TWO MAIN ASPECTS OF PERSONALITY FEATURED IN HANS EYSENCK THEORY (1947)
- Introversion
- Extraversion
WHAT DO EXTROVERTS INHERIT
an underactive nervous system
WHAT DO INTROVERTS INHERIT
an overreactive nervous system
MONOZYGOTIC TWINS
twins that share 100% of genes (identical twins)
DIZYGOTIC TWINS
twins that share 50% of genes (non identical twins)
GENOTYPE
refers to an individuals actual genetic make-up (nature)
PHENOTYPE
refers to how genes are expressed (nurture)
SRY GENE
sex-determining
region Y gene
NEUROANATOMY
refers to the structure of the brain and nervous system
HEMISPHERIC LATERALISATION
idea that each hemisphere is responsible for different functions
MOTOR AREA
controls voluntary movements of the body
SOMATOSENSORY AREA
processes information about touch, pain, temperature
VISUAL AREA
processes information from our eyes
PHINEAS GAGE (1868)
Phineas lost front part of brain due to mining incident as a result it changed his personality from kind, respectful to hostile and angry
PLASTICITY
- Brain adapts in both function and structure as a result of change in environment
TWO BRANCHES OF SOMANTIC NERVOUS SYSTEM
- Sensory branch
- Motor branch
SENSORY BRANCH
delivers messages to brain from sense organs.
AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM
automatic functions e.g breathing and heart rate.
TWO BRANCHES OF AUTONOMIC
- Sympathetic (fight-or-flight)
- Parasympathetic – (rest and
digest)
WHAT IS THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM MADE OF
- brain
- spinal chord
NEUROCHEMISTRY
refers to activity of substances in the nervous system
NEUROTRANSMITTERS
chemicals that allow communication between nerve cells (neurons) in the brain and nervous system
TWO EXAMPLES OF NEUROTRANSMITTERS
- Serotonin
- Dopamine
