biological approach Flashcards
(17 cards)
Louise Leborgne (Tan)
case study
paul broca (1861) discovered a speech centre in the:
Broca’s aphasia ( loss of articulated speech) brain
«Tan» suffered an injury in the frontal area of the left hemisphere in the post inferior frontal gyrus: «Broca’s area»
he lost his ability to speak and write, buthis intelligence was intact
What is the concept of localization in psychology?
Localization of function is the idea that every behaviour is associated with a specific brain region.
What principle does the localization of function rest on?
It rests on the first principle of the biological approach: behaviour may be the product of biological factors.
What did researchers discover about the sensor and motor cortex?
They created a map known as the cortical homunculus.
Who conducted research opposing the idea of strict localization?
Karl Lashley.
What method did Karl Lashley use in his experiments?
The method of induced damage in experiments with rats in a maze.
What correlation did Lashley find in his research?
There is a correlation between learning abilities and the percentage of cortex removed, but not the location of removed tissue.
What does the term ‘associated with’ imply in the context of brain structures?
Certain structures are associated with specific functions.
What early studies supported the idea of strict localization?
Studies showed that a person with damage to a specific brain area may demonstrate a specific malfunction in behaviour.
What is Broca’s area associated with?
Broca’s area is associated with the loss of articulated speech, known as Broca’s aphasia.
What is Wernicke’s area associated with?
Wernicke’s area is associated with a general impairment in language comprehension, known as Wernicke’s aphasia.
What method did Wilder Penfield use in his research?
He used the method of neural stimulation.
What is the current perspective on localization in neuroscience?
Current neuroscience supports a relative view that outlines the limits of localization.
What is lateralization in the context of localization?
Lateralization is a special case of localization where language is mostly lateralized in the left hemisphere.
What exceptions exist regarding lateralization?
The right hemisphere can comprehend simple words.
Fill in the blank: The patient correctly picks a pencil from behind the screen with the left hand due to the right hemisphere’s comprehension of _______.
[simple words]
True or False: The left hemisphere is solely responsible for language comprehension.
False.
