biological explanations

Question 1

genetic explanation

Answer 1

polygenetic
concordance rates higher in families than gen pop
closer the family- higher sz concordance rates
genes associated with it: COMT gene

Question 2

COMT gene

Answer 2

regulates dopamine a lot in the prefrontal cortex

Question 3

neural correlates

Answer 3

biological markers that occur alongside schizophrenia
variations in the neural structure and biochemistry that are correlated

Question 4

neural correlates examples

Answer 4

prefrontal cortex- involved in decision making and social behaviour
show reduced activity in this area- avolition

Question 5

example of NC2

Answer 5

temporal lobe/hippocampus abnormalities- linked to hallucinations

Question 6

dopamine hypothesis

Answer 6

due to a too much/ imbalance of dopamine neurotransmitter across the brain

Question 7

too much dopamine

Answer 7

hyperdopaminergia
in speech centres like broca’s area may lead to auditory hallucinations

Question 8

too little dopamine

Answer 8

hypodopaminergia
frontal cortex linked to negative symptoms like speech poverty

Question 9

neurotransmitter

Answer 9

glutamate it’s excitatory involved in learning, attention and memory. low in people with sz

Question 10

large

Answer 10

enlarged ventricles (voids in brain filled with cerebrospinal fluid) correlates with sz

Question 11

genetic positive 2 psych

Answer 11

gottesman and tienari

Question 12

gottesman- genetic

Answer 12

concordance rate of 48% between identical twins and 17% for dizygotic twins

Question 13

tienari- genetic

Answer 13

bio kids of sz mums who’ve been adopted
6% of kids adopted into normal families get it but 37% in dysfunctional families do

Question 14

dopamine hypothesis

Answer 14

leucht meta analysis
drug treatments that normalise dopamine levels were more effective than placebos