Biological explanations of aggression: Genetics

Question 1

What are the 2 types of aggression?

Answer 1

Impulsive - typically unplanned and characteristics by strong emotions, normally anger.
Instrumental - usually carefully planned out with the intention of achieving a goal.

Question 2

What are the roles of genetics in aggression?

Answer 2

Chromosomal patterns:
- Genetics assume that aggression is hereditary behavior. Males have XY chromosomes and females have XX chromosomes. Those with the additional Y gene would lead to an increase in testosterone production. This is called the ‘warrior gene’ since it has been linked to increased aggression.

Twin studies:
- Since MZ twins are 100% identical in contrast ro DZ twins, the higher concordance rate would support the dole of genes in aggression

The MAOA gene is responsible for the production of Monoamine Oxidas A which helps breakdown excess neurotransmitters in synapses in the brain. This means it helps regulate the amounts of serotonin. dopamine and noradrenaline. If the gene is faulty, it prevents neurtransmitters from being broken down leading to an imbalance. High levels of dopamine and low levels of serotonin are linked to aggression.

Question 3

Evaluate the biological approach for aggression.

Answer 3

One limitation is that there are too many anomalies with the theory. Some people who do have the chromosomal or genetic dysfunction have not gone on to display aggressive behaviors which means that the theory only explains why some of the population are aggressive indicating that the theory is either inaccurate or needs to collaborate with another theory.

Another limitation is that there is no acknowledgment of the role of social and environmental factors. For example, someone may be aggressive due to financial pressure or in response to stressors rather than a genetic dysfunction. This means that although the theory has a scientific approach,it does not take nurture/experiences into account