Biological Influences

Question 1

What are the 4 lobes of the brain?

Answer 1

Frontal, occipital, parietal and temporal

Question 2

What area of the brain is the frontal lobe located in?

Answer 2

Front

Question 3

What is the function of the frontal lobe?

*Top of the brain ⬆️

Answer 3

It carries out higher mental processes such as thinking, decision making and planning.

Our personality is formed here.

Question 4

What happens if the frontal lobe is damaged?
*anger, impulsive, language
🏊

Answer 4

A persons emotions, impulses, language and memory can be damaged.

Question 5

What area of the brain is the parental lobe located in?

Answer 5

Upper mid section

Question 6

What is the function of the parietal lobe?

🖐🏻

Answer 6

Integrating sensory information from various parts of the body and tells the body which way is up.

Question 7

What happens if you damage your parietal lobes?

Answer 7

Inability to locate parts of your body

Question 8

What are the functions of the Somatosensory lobe?

👁

Answer 8

It receives and processes visual information. It helps us perceive shape and colour.

Question 9

Where is the somatosensory lobe located?

Answer 9

The back of the brain

Question 10

What happens if the somatosensory lobe is damaged?

Answer 10

Defects in the visual field and distorted perception of size, colour and shape

Question 11

What are the functions of the temporal lobe?

👂🏻👅

Answer 11

Recognises and processes sound, understanding and producing speech and various aspects of memory.

Question 12

Where is the temporal lobe located?

Answer 12

Lower mid section

Question 13

What happens if you damage the temporal lobes?

Answer 13

Loss of hearing, problems with language and sensory problems

Question 14

What are the functions of the forebrain?

Answer 14

It is for complex thoughts.

Question 15

What is the function of the right hemisphere of the forebrain?

Answer 15

Creativity,artistic, musical, intuitive and perceptual

Question 16

What is the functions of the left hemisphere of the forebrain?

Answer 16

Academic, cognitive, language and learning.

Question 17

What is the forebrain also called?

Answer 17

Cerebrum

Question 18

Where is the forebrain located?

Answer 18

In the front of the brain

Question 19

What are the main functions of the midbrain?

Answer 19

Main centres for hearing and vision.

Temperature regulation, motor control, sleep cycle regulation

Question 20

What are the two important structures that are part of the midbrain?

👁 👀

Answer 20

Tectum: controls visual system

Tegmentum: controls the movement of the eye from one direction to the other

Question 21

Where is the midbrain located?

Answer 21

In the middle of the brain

Question 22

What four parts are the hind brain made out of?

Answer 22

Cerebellum

Brain stem

Pons

Medulla oblongata

Question 23

What are the functions of the cerebellum?

Answer 23

It helps with balance and complex muscle movements like cycling, walking and running.

Question 24

What does the brain stem do?

Answer 24

Holds the forebrain, midbrain and hindbrain together.

Question 25

What are the functions of the medulla oblongata?

Answer 25

It controls the autonomic functions such as heart beat, breathing, blinking etc....

Question 26

What is the function of the pons?

Answer 26

It contains cell round that transfer messages from the cerebrum to the cerebellum.

Question 27

Where is Broca's area?

Answer 27

In the frontal lobe near the middle of the brain

Question 28

What are the functions of Broca's?

Answer 28

Spoke and written language, comprehension

Question 29

What is happens when someone suffers from Broca's aphasia?

Answer 29

Their speech is not fluent and they lack grammar

Question 30

Where is Wernicke's area located?

Answer 30

In the temporal lobe in the middle of brain

Question 31

What are the functions of Wernicke's area?

Answer 31

Language comprehension and understanding

Question 32

What happens if you suffer from Wernicke's aphasia?

Answer 32

Incoherent sentences (sentences that don't make sense) and the using wrong words in the wrong context

Question 33

What are the two parts the nervous system is made of?

Answer 33

The Central nervous system (CNS) The peripheral nervous system (PNS)

Question 34

What is the CNS made out of?

Answer 34

The brain and the spinal cord

Question 35

What is the PNS made out of?

Answer 35

All the sensory receptors and nerves

Question 36

What does the CNS do?

Answer 36

It is the control centre for receiving messages to and from other parts of the body. It tell the body what to do

Question 37

What does the PNS do?

Answer 37

It informs the CNS and transmits decisions from the CNS

Question 38

Name the three different types of neurons

Answer 38

Sensory neuron, motor neuron and relay neuron

Question 39

What are the functions of the sensory neuron?

Answer 39

It receives and converts stimuli (heat, light etc...) into an electrical impulse and sends it to the brain.

Question 40

What are the functions of the motor neuron?

Answer 40

Motor neuron receives information from the brain to the effector organs

Question 41

What are the functions of the interneuron?

Answer 41

The interneuron receives information from the sensory neuron and sends it to the CNS and then receives again from the CNS and sends it to the motor neuron.

Question 42

What's the difference between motor and sensory neuron structures?

Answer 42

Motor neurons have their cell body at the top of the neuron with dendrites Sensory neuron has their cell body in the middle of the neuron with no dendrites.

Question 43

Name the 6 main sections of a neuron

Answer 43

Nucleus, cell body, dendrites, axon knobs, axon, myelin sheath

Question 44

What are synapses?

Answer 44

They are the area between the neurons that concert electrical impulses into chemicals called neurotransmitters

Question 45

What are two advantages of having a myelin sheath?

Answer 45

- speeds up the transmission | - insulates and protects the neuron

Question 46

Identify what transmits messages through the nervous system?

Answer 46

The message are passed through the system by neurons (nerve cells)

Question 47

Define neuron

Answer 47

Neurons are specialised cells which transmit and receive messages in the form of electrical impulses.

Question 48

State the type of energy conversion carried out by receptors in the retina of your eye.

Answer 48

Light to electrical

Question 49

What is the function of neurotransmitters?

Answer 49

Carrie messages across the synapses

Question 50

Throughout the nervous system there are small gaps, called______, between neurons.

Answer 50

Synapses

Question 51

How does a synapse work?

Answer 51

When the impulse reaches a synapse, the message is carried across the gap by neurotransmitters and then the neurotransmitter brakes down.

Question 52

What is a reflex action?

Answer 52

An involuntary and nearly instantaneous movement in response to a stimulus.

Question 53

Create an example of when the midbrain is used

Answer 53

For example, if your hand touches something hot, the midbrain tells the brain that the hand needs to be pulled away from the danger; this is because the midbrain is part of the nervous system.

Question 54

What is the corpus callosum?

Answer 54

It is a band of neural fibres that connect the left and right hemispheres together