Biological Molecules

Question 1

monomer

Answer 1

smaller units from which larger molecules are made - eg monosaccarides, amino acids, nucleotides

Question 2

polymer

Answer 2

Molecules made from a large number of monomers joined together.
e.g. polysaccharides (starch, glycogen, cellulose), polypeptides, DNA, RNA.
Lipids are NOT polymers because they are NOT made of repeating units.

Question 3

condensation reaction

Answer 3

A reaction where bonds are formed;
and water is removed;

Question 4

hydrolysis reaction

Answer 4

A reaction where bonds are broken;
and water is removed;

Question 5

carbohydrates contain…..

Answer 5

C, H and O

Question 6

Function of carbs

Answer 6

1. energy source (glucose in respiration).
2. energy store (starch in plants, glycogen in animals).
3. structure (cellulose in cell walls of plants).

Question 7

the bond formed between 2
monosaccharides by a condensation reaction?

Answer 7

Glycosidic

Question 8

How is a disaccharide formed?

Answer 8

Two monosaccharides;
are joined by a glycosidic bond;
formed by a condensation reaction;

Question 9

Glucose + Glucose =

Answer 9

Maltose

Question 10

Glucose + Fructose =

Answer 10

Sucrose

Question 11

Glucose + Galactose =

Answer 11

Lactose

Question 12

How is a polysaccharide formed?

Answer 12

When many monosaccharides are joined together by condensation reactions.

Question 13

Glycogen is formed by …..

Answer 13

condensation of alpha glucose

Question 14

Starch is formed by …….

Answer 14

condensation of alpha glucose

Question 15

Cellulose is formed by ……….

Answer 15

condensation of beta glucose

Question 16

Starch =

Answer 16

amylose and amylopectin