Biological Molecules

Question 1

Carbohydrates

Answer 1

Maltose -> Starch

Question 2

Proteins

Answer 2

Long chains of amino acids -> proteins

Question 3

Lipids

Answer 3

Glycerol and fatty acids -> lipids

Question 4

Food tests

Answer 4

Glucose: Benedict solution
Starch: Iodine solution
Protein: Biuret solution
Iodine: Sudan (III) Test

Question 5

Glucose

Answer 5

Use benedict solution
blue to green or yellow in low conc

blue - brick red in high conc

Question 6

Starch

Answer 6

Iodine solution
blue to browny orange or black

Question 7

Proteins

Answer 7

Use Biuret solution
blue to pink or purple

Question 8

Lipids

Answer 8

Use Sudan (III) Test
stains lipids (top layer will be brick red)

Question 9

Role of enzymes

Answer 9

Enzymes act as biological catalysts. Speed up the rate of reaction without being used up.

It is necessary for all organisms as they maintain reaction speeds in metabollic reactions

Question 10

Mechanism of enzyme action

Answer 10

Specific to one particular substrate as the active site of the enzyme, where the substrate attaches to its complementary shape.
‘lock and key’

Question 11

Temperature and Enzyme Function

Answer 11

Enzymes are proteins and have a specific shape, determined by the amino acids that build them and held in place by bonds. This is important as it ensures which substrate will fit into the active site.
Enzymes work fastest at their optimum temperature.
Enzymes denature when temperatures are too high.

Question 12

Practical Investigating temp and enzyme activity

Answer 12

X

Question 13

pH & Enzyme function

Answer 13

Optimum pH for most enzymes is 7

if pH is too high or low the bonds that hold the amino acids together will be disrupted. Substrate no longer fits into the active side reducing rate of activity.

Question 14

CORMMS

Answer 14

C - Change
O - Organism
R - Repeat
M - Measurement 1
M - Measurement 2
S - Same (control)