Biological Molecules

Question 1

Elements and lons

Question 2

lons also play many important roles.

Question 3

Cations:

Question 4

• Calcium ions (Ca2+) - Involved in muscle contraction and nerve impulse transmission

Question 5

• Sodium ions (Na+) - Involved in co-transport

Answer 5

reabsorption of water in the kidney and nerves impulse

Question 6

transmission.

Question 7

• Potassium ions (K+) - Involved in stomatal opening and nerve impulse transmission.

Question 8

• Hydrogen ions (H+) - Involved in chemiosmosis

Answer 8

pH determination and catalysis of reactions.

Question 9

• Ammonium ions (NH4+) - Involved in nitrogen cycle

Answer 9

where by bacteria convert ammonium ions into

Question 10

nitrate ions.

Question 11

Anions:

Question 12

• Nitrate (NO3-) - Mineral ion absorbed by plants to provide a source of nitrogen to make amino acids.

Question 13

• Hydrogencarbonate (HCO3-) - Maintains the pH of the blood.

Question 14

• Chloride (C/-) - Provide a negative charge to balance to positive sodium ion and potassium ions in

Question 15

cells.

Question 16

• Phosphate (PO43-) - Involved in the formation of phospholipids for cell membranes

Answer 16

nucleic acid and

Question 17

ATP formation and in making bones.

Question 18

• Hydroxide

Answer 18

(OH-)