Biological Molecules Lab

Question 1

carboxyl and phosphate (end in OH) groups are slightly

Answer 1

acidic

Question 2

amino groups are slightly

Answer 2

basic

Question 3

hydroxyl, ketones and aldehydes (ends in single elements) are extremely

Answer 3

polar

Question 4

 Small, tiny sugars that contain 3-7 carbon atoms

Answer 4

Monosaccharides “simple sugars”

Question 5

Functions: energy for the cell; serve as monomers to build larger carbs

Answer 5

Monosaccharides “simple sugars”

Question 6

Examples: glucose, fructose

Answer 6

Monosaccharides “simple sugars”

Question 7

Two monosaccharide sugars are bonded together

Answer 7

Disaccharides “double sugars”

Question 8

Functions: energy for the cell, sucrose, lactose, maltose.

Answer 8

Disaccharides “double sugars”

Question 9

Polymers of long, coiled chains of monosaccharides; 100-1000’s of sugars
are bonded together

Answer 9

Polysaccharides “complex carbs”

Question 10

Functions: energy storage; structural carbohydrate (provides shape)

Answer 10

Polysaccharides “complex carbs”

Question 11

Examples: starch (energy storage in plants), cellulose (plant cell walls)

Answer 11

Polysaccharides “complex carbs”

Question 12

are completely or mostly hydrophobic; nonpolar molecules
 Function: energy storage
 Examples: fats, oils, butter, waxes, steroids

Answer 12

Lipids

Question 13

Complex polymers composed of monomers called amino acids

Answer 13

Proteins

Question 14

20 different amino acids form the ____ of living things; linked via peptide
bonds (a covalent bond between amino acids)

Answer 14

Proteins

Question 15

Polymers composed of monomers called nucleotides

Answer 15

Nucleic Acids

Question 16

Functions: storage and expression of genetic information

Answer 16

Nucleic Acids

Question 17

Examples: DNA, RNA

Answer 17

Nucleic Acids

Question 18

contain water  do not react with test reagent

Answer 18

Negative Control Tubes

Question 19

contain a known substance  reacts with test reagent

Answer 19

Positive Control Tubes

Question 20

Sudan III in Oil (Red liquid)

Answer 20

Lipids

Question 21

Benedicts Reagent(Blue)

Answer 21

sugars

Question 22

Biuret Solution (Blue)

Answer 22

Proteins

Question 23

Iodine (brown bottle)

Answer 23

Starch

Question 24

green, yellow or orange-red depending

upon the amount (low, medium or high amounts)

Answer 24

Positive for Benedicts Reagent.(sugar)

Question 25

(–) starch (Iodine)

Answer 25

Amber brown

Question 26

(+) starch (iodine)

Answer 26

Bluish-Black

Question 27

Red floating layer,(–) lipids

Answer 27

Sudan III in Oil (Red liquid)

Question 28

Solid, uniform red (+) lipids

Answer 28

Sudan III in Oil (Red liquid)

Question 29

(–) protein, Biuret Solution

Answer 29

Pale blue

Question 30

(+) protein, Biuret Solution

Answer 30

Purple–violet

Question 31

Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, Nucleic Acids

Answer 31

four major classes of organic

macromolecules.