biological rhythms Flashcards
(21 cards)
are people who live in complete darkness more prone to experiencing sadness than people who don’t?
no, they adapt
which biological rhythm is this: yearly, migratory cycle
circannual rhythm
which biological rhythm is this: a day, menstrual cycle
infradian rhythm
which biological rhythm is this: daily, human sleep-wake cycle
circadian rhythm
which biological rhythm is this: a day, meals, sleep cycles
ultradian rhythm
what is free running rhythm?
spontaneous endogenous rhythm in environments without changes in lightness
true or false: human circadian free running rhythm is 24 hours.
false, it is about 24.5 hours or could be more depending on variety of factors.
which hormone is released when you wake up?
cortisol
which neural mechanism is in control of biological rhythms?
suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN)
what do lesions of the SCN lead to?
irregular locomotor activity patterns
what would happen if an adult hamster who had a 25 hour circadian rhythm received a transplant of embryonic SCN cells with a rhythm of 22 hours?
the hamster would display a rhythm of 22 hours
Is the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) more active during the light or dark period?
light period
what is the purpose of intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs)?
to detect brightness
what happens as a result of a loss of intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs)?
exhibit a free running rhythm
what is the function of the retinohypothalamic tract?
to transmit light from retinal ganglion cells to the SCN
what kind of circadian rhythm do blind people express?
free running rhythm
which neural mechanism secretes melatonin?
pineal gland
are duration of melatonin levels higher in the winter or summer?
winter
which hormone is inhibited as a result of higher melatonin levels in male hamsters?
testosterone
what is seasonal affective disorder (SAD) ?
seasonal experience of sadness
what causes jet leg?
travel
work shifts
social demands
