Biological- Study Guide Flashcards
(21 cards)
Question 1. Explain one technique used to study the brain in relation to behavior with reference to one study.
Sharot et al. (2007)
fMRI, neuroimaging, Oxygenated vs. deoxygenated blood, amygdala, blood oxygenation levels
Pretty sure I can use Fisher too
Question 2. Explain localization of function, with reference to one study.
Milner (1966)
Localization of function, hippocampus, cognitive processes, transfer from STM to LTM
Pretty sure I can use Fisher too
Question 3. Explain neuroplasticity, with reference to one study.
Draganski (2004) juggling
Neuroplasticity, dendritic branching, neural pruning, long term potentiation (strengthening of synapses), neural density, lack of potentiation, repetition of a task (lead to LTP)
Question 4. Explain the effect of one neurotransmitter on human behavior, with reference to one study.
Antonovo (2011)
Acetlycholine (ACh), encoding of spatial memory, scopolamine, hippocampus, agonist, antagonist, excitatory function, inhibitory function, reuptake, action potential
Pretty sure I can use Fisher too
Question 5. Explain one ethical consideration in one study of the brain and behavior.
Sharot et al. (2007)
Undue stress, attrition rate, claustrophobia, (battled with informed consent)
Pretty sure I can use Fisher too
Question 6. Explain the use of one research method in one study of the brain and behavior.
Sharot et al. (2007)
Correlational, cause-and-effect relationship, association between related variables, no manipulation of IV
Pretty sure I can use Fisher too
Question 7. Explain the role of one antagonist with reference to one study.
Antonovo (2011)
Scopolamine, ACh, neurotrasmitter, action potential, antagonist, encoding of spatial memory
Question 8. Explain the formation of neural networks with the use of one study
Draganski (2004)
Repeated action, long term potentiation, dendric branching, neural pruning
Question 9. Explain neural pruning with reference to one study.
Draganski (2004)
Repeated action, long term potentiation, dendric branching, neural pruning, lack of potentiation.
Question 10. Explain the role of one agonist with reference to one study.
Antonovo (2011)
Scopolamine, ACh, neurotrasmitter, action potential, antagonist, encoding of spatial memory
Question 11. Explain the role of inhibitory or excitatory synapses in one behavior with reference to one study.
Antonovo (2011)
Acetlycholine (ACh), encoding of spatial memory, scopolamine, hippocampus, agonist, antagonist, excitatory function, inhibitory function, reuptake, action potential
Question 12. Explain the effect of one hormone on human behavior with reference to one study.
Fisher and testosterone
feelings of aggression - motivates to more actively pursue your partner
Question 13. Explain one effect of one potential pheromone in human behavior with reference to one study.
Zhou (2014)
Chemical cures that are released into the air, secreted from glands, or excreted in urine and picked up by animals of the same species, Androstadienone (AND), human sexual behaviour, sympathetic arousal, activation of hypothalamus in heterosexual females and homosexual males. no significant effect of AND on heterosexual men or lesbian women.
Question 14. Explain the use of one research method in one study of hormones or pheromones.
Zhou (2014)
Experiment, manipulation of an IV, cause-and-effect relationship, quantitative research, dependent variable, controls, experimental group and control group, operationalized, easily replicable, standardized
Question 14. Explain the use of one research method in one study of hormones or pheromones.
Zhou (2014)
Experiment, manipulation of an IV, cause-and-effect relationship, quantitative research, dependent variable, controls, experimental group and control group, operationalized, easily replicable, standardized
Question 16. Explain the role of one gene in one behavior with reference to one study.
Ponce et al 2008
DRD2 A1 allele, codes for the number of dopamine receptors available in the brain’s reward system, higher prevalence of family alcoholism in family, 103 alcohol-dependent males, higher levels of dopamine needed to produce the same effect as a person with more dopamine receptors, candidate gene
Question 17. Explain how genetic similarities help psychologists in the study of genes and behavior with reference to one study.
Kendler et al 2006
Concordance rate, Dizygotic twins (two different fertilized eggs), Monozygotic twins (Idential twin, they share almost 100% of the same DNA and are a result of a fertilized egg splitting in two), heritability of major depression
Question 18. Explain one evolutionary explanation of behavior with reference to one study.
Wedekind (1995)
Natural selection, Charles Darwin, Adaptation, Passing genes to offspring, MHC = group of genes that enable the immune system to recognize pathogens, higher the diversity of MHC genes of parents = stronger immune system of offspring, MHC genes are co-dominantly expressed, mate selection
Question 19. Explain one ethical consideration in one study of genes and behavior.
Ponce et al 2008
Informed Consent, ensure participants fully understand the nature of the genetic research before they agree to participate as well as make sure that they do not have impaired decision-making capacity which is a risk with participants when looking at addiction and genetics.
Question 20. Explain the use of one research method in one study of genes and behavior.
Ponce et al. 2008
Correlational, positive/negative correlation, variables are only observed with no manipulation, limited control, high external validity
Question 21. Explain the use of kinship studies or twin studies in the study of inheritance of behavior, making use of one study.
Kendler et al 2006
Concordance rate, Dizygotic twins (two different fertilized eggs), Monozygotic twins (Idential twin, they share almost 100% of the same DNA and are a result of a fertilized egg splitting in two), heritability of major depression
