Biological system Ch 5

Question 1

What are multicellular organisms composed of?

Answer 1

specialised cells (which interact to form tissues)

Question 2

What do cells need to function?

Answer 2

Nutrients, oxygen,remove waste and toxic substances, regulation (eg temp)

Question 3

Animal Tissue: Muscle

Answer 3

contracts to excert a force, eg. skeletal, cardiac, smooth

Question 4

Animal Tissue: nervous

Answer 4

detects stimuli and transmits electrical signals

Question 5

Animal Tissue: connective

Answer 5

connect/ support other tissues and organ structures of body

Question 6

Animal Tissue: epithial

Answer 6

these tissues assist in protection, secretion, and absorbtion

Question 7

Eg some Animal organs

Answer 7

thyroid, brain, lungs, liver , intestines, heart stomach, kidney, stomach

Question 8

Vascular?

Answer 8

-Complex plants that contain vascular tissues,
-transporting water and minerals through plant.

Question 9

Non- vascular

Answer 9

-do not contain vascular tissue
-only require simplified tissue to funtion

Question 10

Plant Cells: parenchyma, sclerenchyma, collenchyma

Answer 10

1. photosynthestis
   2 and 3 support plant

Question 11

Plant Cells: xylem, phoem

Answer 11

1. transport of water and minerals (roots to leaves)
2. transport of sugars and other nutrients (both directions)

Question 12

Plant tissue: Dermal

Answer 12

single layer covering the outside of plant
-secretes waxy film called cuticle providing physical barrier

Question 13

Plant Tisse: Ground

Answer 13

-make up majority of the plant
-carries out metabolic funtions.

Question 14

Plant Tissue: Vascular

Answer 14

transport nutrients + water

Question 15

Plant Organ: roots

Answer 15

water+ nutrients form soil absorbed provide support

Question 16

Plant System: Root

Answer 16

underground where water + nutrients are absorbed from soil.

Question 17

Plant System: Shoot

Answer 17

made up of reproductive + non-reproductive sections of plant.

Question 18

Movement Of Water: Transpiration

Answer 18

passive movement of water up the xylem, exit via stomata pores.

Question 19

Why does transpiration occur?

Answer 19

osmosis in roots, air pressure, capillary action.

Question 20

Why do guard cells surround stomata?

Answer 20

to regulate water loss

Question 21

Stomata open
Stomata Closed

Answer 21

allow gas exchange (water lost)
no gas exchange (water maintained)

Question 22

The 2 Capillary actions are…

Answer 22

Cohesion-water molecules sticking to eachother
Adhesion- water sticking to sides of the tube

Question 23

What makes transpiration increase, Decrease?

Answer 23

Increase- strong wind, low humidity
decrease- low temp, high humidity, low water availabiliy

Question 24

Movement of Water: Translocation

Answer 24

occurs in ploem, active movement of sugars and nutrients (up and down) from a source (leaves) to a sink (other areas of plant)

Question 25

Purpose Of Transpiration?

Answer 25

Cooling water and mineral transport

Question 26

Purpose Of Translocation?

Answer 26

Providing energy supply to cells

Question 27

Digestive System: 1. Ingestion 2. Digestion

Answer 27

1. food taken through mouth as large particles 2. most digestion occurs after chewing, by enzymes acting on food

Question 28

Digestive System: 3. Absorption 4. Elimination

Answer 28

3.products of digestion can be absorbed across gut lining (lower in gut salts and water are also reabsorbed) 4.Elimination: Undigested material + waste products of digestion are formed

Question 29

Digestive System: Mechanical

Answer 29

Process in which digestive organs and tissues (eg Stomach) break down food into small peices.

Question 30

Digestive System: Chemical

Answer 30

after mechanical, breaks down small foods further using enzymes and stomach acids (produce molecules capable of being absorbed).

Question 31

Major Enymes?

Answer 31

Analase (carbs, Protease (proteins, Lipase (lipids)

Question 32

Hormones

Answer 32

bind to specific receptors on target cells to cause bodily respons, these travel via bloodstream to influence growth, metabolism, puberty, reproduction, homeostatis

Question 33

Hypothalamus

Answer 33

section of brain, controls mush of bodies internal enviroment, maintain body temp.

Question 34

Pituitary Gland

Answer 34

(growth hormones) 'master gland' regulating other glands ro release hormones including testes, ovaries.

Question 35

Thyroid, Parathyroid

Answer 35

control growth and development rate and metabolism.

Question 36

Pancreas