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Biological therapies - drug therapy A01 Flashcards

(16 cards)

1
Q

What type of medication does this approach use?

A

Antipsychotics

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2
Q

How do antipsychotics work?

A

By reducing dopaminergic transmission (reducing the actions of the neurotransmitter dopamine in areas of the brain associated with the symptoms of schizophrenia)

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3
Q

What are the two types of antipsychotics?

A
  1. Typical (traditional)
  2. Atypical (Newer Drugs)
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4
Q

When were Typical antipsychotics introduced?

A

1950’s

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5
Q

What is an example of a typical antipsychotic?

A

Chlorpromazine

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6
Q

What is the typical dosage of Chlorpromazine?

A

400-800mg (up to 1000mg)

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7
Q

What does Chlorpromazine bind to?

A

Dopamine

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8
Q

When were Atypical antipsychotics introduced?

A

1970’s (aim to have fewer side effects)

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9
Q

What is an example of an atypical antipsychotic?

A

Clozapine, Risperidone

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10
Q

What is the typical dosage of clozapine?

A

up to 450mg per day

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11
Q

What does Clozapine bind to?

A

Dopamine, Serotonin, Glutamate

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12
Q

What is the typical dosage of risperidone?

A

4-8mg (up to 12mg)

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13
Q

What does risperidone bind to?

A

Dopamine, Serotonin

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14
Q

What are the side effects of Chlorpromazine?

A

Dizziness, stiff jaw, weight gain, itchy skin

Long term use can cause tar dive dyskinesia (involuntary facial movements e.g grimacing and lip smacking)

Most serious side effect: Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS)
This results in a high temperature, delirium and coma and can be fatal. Occurs in about 1% of patients taking this drug.

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15
Q

What are the side effects of Clozapine?

A

Dizziness, headache, nausea, blurred visions etc

Most serious side effect: Agranulocytosis - lowered white blood less and increased risk of infection

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16
Q

What are the side effects of Risperidone?

A

Fewer side effects bit can still cause agitation, anxiety, blurred visions, muscle spasm etc