biology

Question 1

label the parts of an animal cell

Answer 1

cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus, mitochondria

Question 2

label the parts of a plant cell

Answer 2

cell wall, cell membrane, nucleus, cytoplasm, chloroplasts, vacuole, mitochondria

Question 3

why are red blood cells biconcave?

Answer 3

to allow for more surface area so more haemoglobin can absorb more oxygen.

Question 4

do phagocytes have a lobed nucleus?

Answer 4

yes.

Question 5

what is the equation for total magnification of a microscope.

Answer 5

eyepeice lens x objective lens

Question 6

can electron microscopes be used on living things?

Answer 6

no.

Question 7

what is the IAM triangle?

Answer 7

Image size = actual size x magnification of drawing.

Question 8

why do animal cells not need cell walls?

Answer 8

they dont need as much structure that the plant cells have.

Question 9

when observing cheek cells do you use methlene blue or iodine to observe the cells?

Answer 9

methlene blue

Question 10

according to cell theory all organisms consist of one or more living cells. true or false?

Answer 10

true

Question 11

do you use hematoxylin and eosin stain to view blood cells?

Answer 11

yes.

Question 12

what is a chromosone made of

Answer 12

dna strands

Question 13

define diffusion.

Answer 13

the net movement of molecules from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration down a concentration gradient.

Question 14

define osmosis

Answer 14

the net movement of water molecules from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration down a concentration gradient.

Question 15

diffusion is a non-passive process. true or false?

Answer 15

false

Question 16

is a cell membrane selectively permeable

Answer 16

yes

Question 17

if there is a high concentration of water in cells what do they become?

Answer 17

turgid

Question 18

if there is a low concentration of water in cells what do they become?

Answer 18

flacid.

Question 19

define active transport.

Answer 19

the active movement of molecules against a concentration gradient

Question 20

what is the optimum temperature of enzymes in the body?

Answer 20

40 degrees celcius

Question 21

explain lock and key theory.

Answer 21

it is where the substrate enters an enzymes active site and is broken down into the product.

Question 22

what are the factors affecting rates of reaction?

Answer 22

tempersture, pH

Question 23

if you add more enzymes into a solution, will it speed up the rate of reaction?

Answer 23

yes

Question 24

what happens when enzymes denature?

Answer 24

the active site warps and becomes unusable

Question 25

label the parts of the digestive system that food passes through.

Answer 25

oesphagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum, anus

Question 26

what parts of the digestive system does food not pass through?

Answer 26

pancreas, liver, gall bladder.

Question 27

digestion definition.

Answer 27

digestion is the breakdown or large insoluble molecules into small soluble molecules that can be absorbed.

Question 28

what does the large intestine do?

Answer 28

absorbs water

Question 29

what does the small intestine do?

Answer 29

lipid digestion, starch protein digestion, absorption of small soluble molecules.

Question 30

what enzymes does the pancreas excret?

Answer 30

all, carbohydrase, protease, lipase.

Question 31

what does carbohydrates break down into/

Answer 31

glucose

Question 32

what does protiens break down into?

Answer 32

amino acids

Question 33

what does lipids break down into?

Answer 33

fatty acids and glycerol.

Question 34

why are there villi in the small intestine?

Answer 34

more surface area

Question 35

what does iodine test for?

Answer 35

starch.

Question 36

what does benidicts test for?

Answer 36

glucose

Question 37

what does buriet test for?

Answer 37

protien

Question 38

label the parts of the respiration system.

Answer 38

trachea, bronchus, bronchiole, alveolus

Question 39

how does the alveolus adapt?

Answer 39

thin walls to allow oxygen to diffuse out and co2 to dissolve in.

Question 40

what is the test for carbon dioxide and what is the positive result.

Answer 40

limewater and it turns milky/cloudy.

Question 41

what is the composition of gases in the air.

Answer 41

78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, 0.04% carbon dioxide.

Question 42

aerobic respiration word equation.

Answer 42

glucose + oxygen --> carbon dioxide + water (+ATP)

Question 43

anerobic respiration word equation.

Answer 43

glucose --> lactic acid (+energy)

Question 44

emphysema damages the alveoli. true or false

Answer 44

true

Question 45

is nitrogen used in cells?

Answer 45

no

Question 46

what absorbs carbon dioxide?

Answer 46

potassium hydroxide

Question 47

what does the red blood cell do

Answer 47

carrys oxygen

Question 48

what does the white blood cell do

Answer 48

defends the body against disease

Question 49

what does a platelet do

Answer 49

it helps clot the blood

Question 50

what does the plasma do

Answer 50

carries protien and soluable nutrients

Question 51

does a vein have blood flow into the heart or out?

Answer 51

in

Question 52

does a artery have blood flow into the heart or out?

Answer 52

out

Question 53

order in terms of size, smallest to largest. vein artery capillary

Answer 53

capillary vein artery

Question 54

how many cells thick is the capillary

Answer 54

one

Question 55

what is CVD

Answer 55

cardiovascular disease is where the heart fails to function as normal.

Question 56

what medicine do you use for patients with heart disease

Answer 56

statins

Question 57

what is an angioplasty

Answer 57

where they insert a mesh cage to keep the vein open

Question 58

how many chambers are there in the heart

Answer 58

4

Question 59

what are the top chambers of the heart?

Answer 59

atrium

Question 60

what are the bottom chambers of the heart?

Answer 60

ventricle

Question 61

photosynthesis word equation

Answer 61

water + carbon dioxide (with light energy + chlorophyll) --> glucose + oxygen

Question 62

what is glucose used for in a plant?

Answer 62

respiration, conversion to starch for storage and manufacture of cellulose, proteins and oils

Question 63

what are the limiting factors for photosynthesis?

Answer 63

light intensity. carbon dioxide concentration, temperature

Question 64

what gives out carbon dioxide for a photosynthesis experiment?

Answer 64

sodium hydrocarbonate

Question 65

what are the layers of cells in a leaf?

Answer 65

waxy cuticle, upper epidermis, palisade layer, spongy mesophyll, vascular bundle, guard cells and stoma

Question 66

what layer of the leaf contains the most chloroplasts?

Answer 66

the palisade layer

Question 67

what does a cell need to be to have the most support available?

Answer 67

turgid

Question 68

what cell in a plant contains no chloroplasts?

Answer 68

root hair cells

Question 69

what travels in the xylem

Answer 69

water

Question 70

what travels in the phloem

Answer 70

sugars such as sucrose

Question 71

if guard cells are flaccid does the pore open or close?

Answer 71

closes

Question 72

rate of transpiration = distance moved by the bubble / time taken. true or false

Answer 72

true

Question 73

what minerals are absorbed by the root hair cells?

Answer 73

nitrus oxide, phosphorus oxide, potassium, magnesium

Question 74

when testing leaves for starch, what should you do?

Answer 74

boil the leaf in water, boil the leaf in ethanol, wash the leaf and then apply iodine stain

Question 75

what experiment is a potmeter used for?

Answer 75

transpiration experiment

Question 76

state three reasons why plants need photosynthesis

Answer 76

to remain upright with structure, photosynthesis and respiration

Question 77

what is a use of glucose in plants?

Answer 77

respiration, transpiration and conversion to starch for storage

Question 78

name the process where magnesium ions are diffused into the plant.

Answer 78

diffusion.

Question 79

describe the cells of a wilting plant

Answer 79

flaccid

Question 80

why are stoma found on the bottom of the leaves rather than the top?

Answer 80

to allow the easier release of water