Biology

Question 1

What is a cell?

Answer 1

Smallest complete unit of life

Question 2

What is cell theory?

Answer 2

All organisms are made of cells, the cell is the basic building block of life, every cell comes from an existing cell

Question 3

Who discovered cells and when?

Answer 3

Robert Hooke 1665

Question 4

What does the phospholid bilayer do?

Answer 4

Doesn’t let water in

Question 5

What is the definition of tissues?

Answer 5

A collection of cells bound together for a specific purpose

Question 6

What are the 2 main structures of the cell that allows it to move?

Answer 6

Cilia (Fleshy Wavy Arms)
Flagella (Thick Tail)

Question 7

What does the membrane do?

Answer 7

Only lets certain things in to the body

Question 8

What is membrane?

Answer 8

The way in which cells move

Question 9

What are cells composed of?

Answer 9

Different organelles, that serve different purposes

Question 10

What are the 6 characteristics that an object needs to have to be considered alive?

Answer 10

1. Be made of cells
2. Seek out and consume energy
3. Be able to respond to things that happen around it
4. Must be able to adapt
5. Must grow and change
6. Must be able to reproduce

Question 11

What is biology?

Answer 11

Scientific study of life

Question 12

What is an Organelle?

Answer 12

The “Organs” of the cells
Cells are composed of Organelles

Question 13

What is the main job of the Membrane?

Answer 13

Border Patrol”
Maintains water intake

Question 14

What is the name of the sequences in the DNA that create patterns and instructions for the cell to follow?

Answer 14

Nitrogen bases

Question 15

What is Mitosis?

Answer 15

The process of replicating cells with no change

Question 16

What is Meiosis?

Answer 16

The process of creating sex (haploid) cells
Which contains 1/2 of the information

Question 17

What are the 4 nitrogen bases and which 2 bond together?

Answer 17

Adenine/Thymine (Always Together)
Cytosine/Guanine (Get Close)

Question 18

What does DNA contain and how is it made up?

Answer 18

Sugar Phosphate Backbone
Nitrogen Bases
In a double-helix shape

Question 19

What is the definition of DNA?

Answer 19

The instructions for every cell in an organism

Question 20

What are genes?

Answer 20

The traits of the organism

Question 21

What are Alleles?

Answer 21

Versions of the gene (Dominant, Recessive, etc.)

Question 22

What is the purpose of the Nucleus?

Answer 22

It controls the center of the cell, contains the DNA and passes out the instructions from that DNA to the other organelles

Question 23

What is Meiosis?

Answer 23

The process of creating sex cells(Haploid cells)

Question 24

What is homologous recombination?

Answer 24

When chromosomes swap sections to create slightly different chromosomes.

Question 25

What happens in Prophase 2 of Meiosis?

Answer 25

The chromosomes are not duplicated

Question 26

What are the four phases of Mitosis in order?

Answer 26

Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase

Question 27

What does the Prophase do?

Answer 27

Organzines 2 copied and complete sets of DNA into chromosomes

Question 28

What does the Metaphase do?

Answer 28

Lines up 2 sets of chromosomes in the center of the cell

Question 29

What does the Telophase do?

Answer 29

Nucleus forms for each cell and the cells get ready to split

Question 30

What does the Anaphase do?

Answer 30

Pulls apart the chromosomes so there's one set of DNA on either side of the cell

Question 31

In meiosis, what happens in Prophase 1?

Answer 31

Homologous Recombination occurs

Question 32

In Meiosis, what doesn't happen in Prophase 1?

Question 33

What is a Crossover in Meiosis/Mitosis?

Answer 33

When chromosomes line up

Question 34

What happens in Homologous Recombination?

Answer 34

The chromosomes swap sections to create slightly different versions

Question 35

What is Interphase?

Answer 35

Interphase occurs before and after Mitosis or Meiosis and this is when organelles are made and cells perform their tasks

Question 36

What is Cytokinesis?

Answer 36

The splitting of cells Lit. meaning cell movement

Question 37

What are Ribosomes?

Answer 37

The factories of the cell Assembles proteins Creates simplified instructions from the Nucleus

Question 38

What is the Endoplasmic reticulum?

Answer 38

The assembly line Rough ER: ribosomes on the outside; they make proteins Smooth ER: no ribosomes; makes carbs/fats

Question 39

What are the Lysosomes?

Answer 39

Waste treatment plant of the cell Deals with waste and byproducts

Question 40

What are the Golgi Bodies/Apparatus?

Answer 40

The post office of the cell Delivers stuff in and out of the cell, vesicles form around it