Biology Flashcards
What is RNA polymerase?
RNA polymerase is an enzyme that unzips sections of DNA by breaking the hydrogen bonds between the base pairs.
What happens when RNA polymerase is assembling a complimentary MRNA strand?
RNA polymerase takes on the inverse bases to that of the dna and assembles a new chain of MRNA with them.
What happens to the MRNA in the cytoplasm?
The MRNA finds a ribosome and waits for TRNA to bring the right amino acid to the codon it’s reading in order to assemble the protein.
What is the goal of transcription?
To make MRNA
What is the goal of translation?
To make a protein.
Where are the ribosomes?
The cytoplasm
Where are the DNA strands located?
Nucleus, in chromosomes
How does MRNA get out of the nucleus?
Nuclear pores
What is a codon?
Three bases on a strand of DNA
What are anti codons?
The part of TRNA that reads the MRNA
Why do we need to develop new medicines
More diseases are being constantly discovered
More effective medicines with less side effects
To work around allergies brought on by certain other medicines
How to develop a medicine?
A disease is chosen and possible new medicines are made in the lab.
This is then tested on lab cells, tissues and organs.
Then animal testing
Then on human volunteers
Then passing legal tests and licensed.
It is now administered.
What is evolution?
The gradual change in inherited characteristics over time.
Prokaryotes
small, unicellular, no nucleus, capsule, flagella.
Eukaryotes
have a nucleus and membrane, make up larger organisms,
