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grade 9 science > Biology > Flashcards

Biology Flashcards

1
Q

What is an ecosystem

A

All parts of biological community and environment.

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2
Q

What does biotic mean

A

Alive

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3
Q

What does abiotic mean

A

Not alive

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4
Q

What is competition

A

When two organisms compete for the same space, the same food at the same time

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5
Q

What is predation

A

When one organism consumes another as food

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6
Q

What is symbiosis

A

Close association of two separate species

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7
Q

Hag is the lithosphere

A

The ground part of the earth. Litho meaning stone

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8
Q

What is hydrosphere

A

The water sphere. Hydro meaning water

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9
Q

What is Atmosphere

A

The layer of air above the surface. Atmo meaning vapour

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10
Q

What is biosphere

A

The living surface of earth. Not always separate from other sphere.

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11
Q

What is evaporation

A

Water that is boiled into vapour.

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12
Q

What is transpiration

A

Water coming from plants

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13
Q

What is condensation

A

Converting vapour into rain

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14
Q

What is precipitation

A

The act of Rainfall

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15
Q

What is surface runoff

A

Water coming from mountains and running into rivers

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16
Q

How do humans impact carbon cycle.

A

We burn fossil fuels and breath out co2.

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17
Q

How do animals create carbon waste

A

By eating plants with carbon and creating waste from it.

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18
Q

How do trees impact carbon cycle

A

Turn co2 into oxygen

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19
Q

Why do plants and animals require nitrogen

A

To make dna and protein

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20
Q

What is nitrogen fixation and why does it happen

A

Because nitrogen has strong bonds, for plants and animals to use it it must be broken up. Nitrogen fixation is that transformation.

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21
Q

What is species diversity

A

Number of different species in ecoystem

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22
Q

What is genetic diversity

A

Difference among same species individuals in ecosystem

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23
Q

Describe the heat circle

A

Energy comes from abiotic things into producers. Heat then goes to the consumer and after decomposers

24
Q

List the energy levels for trophies pyramid

A

Primary producer: 100
Primary consumer: 10
Secondary consumer: 1
Tertiary consumer: .1
Quaternary consumer: .01

25
Q

Difference between food chain

A

Food chain is linear and food web more resembles a spider web

26
Q

What is bioaccumulation

A

When pollutants enter an organisms body

27
Q

What is biomagnification

A

When pollutants are passed up a foodchain

28
Q

Examples of pollutants in biomagnificaiton

A

Pesticide DDT, mercury, and other heavy metaks

29
Q

What is chemical equation of photosynthesis

A

6co2 + 6h2o -> c6h12o6

30
Q

What do chloroplasts do with sunlight

A

They make glucose

31
Q

What does the plant do with roots

A

Draw up water and mineral

32
Q

What elements go in and out of plants during photosynthesis

A

Carbon dioxide goes in and oxygen out

33
Q

Are populations consistent? If yes what can change them

A

Yes. Climate change and human interference

34
Q

What is a limiting factor

A

Characteristic of ecosystem that limits size

35
Q

What is exponential growth

A

When populations increase non-linearly

36
Q

What is bottom-up regulation

A

When a species number is regulated by those on higher tropic levels

37
Q

What is too-down regulation

A

When a species numbers depends on those below in trophies. Level

38
Q

What is ecological succession

A

Ecosystem changes due to major disturbance

39
Q

Why is primary succession

A

When an ecosystem can support life for first time

40
Q

What is secondary succession

A

When an ecosystem used to support life but still has basic needs for life (food water space)

41
Q

What is special concern

A

Species could become endangered due to threats and biological characteristic

42
Q

What is a threatened species

A

Likely to become endangerment’s if no action is taken

43
Q

What is an endangered species

A

Extinction or extirpating may come soon

44
Q

What is extirpation

A

Species is extinct from one area but still exists elsewhere

45
Q

What is extinction

A

Species is extinct everywhere

46
Q

What are main human causes of habitat loss

A

Urbanization. Dams. Logging. Farming. Mining.

47
Q

What are natural causes of habitat loss

A

Flooding. Earthquakes. Volcanic eruption. Climate change.

48
Q

What is fragmentation

A

Habitat is split into parts. This could happen from human or earthquake interference.

49
Q

What is an invasive species

A

Organism that thrives in a non-native environment. Can not be removed but can be controlled.

50
Q

What is mechanical control

A

Physically removing an invasive species. Could be done with plants

51
Q

What is chemical control

A

Using chemicals to kill invasive species. May cause harm to humans and other plants

52
Q

What is biological control

A

Introducing a predator to kill an invasive species

53
Q

What causes acid rain

A

Formed when water in air interacts with pollutants.

54
Q

What happens if acid rain hits soil

A

It may alter its ph. Which is a limiting factor of plants. At ph less than 5.5 fish eggs will not hatch and below 5 fish will dir

55
Q

What happens to ecosystem with acid rain

A

One part of a food web may be sensitive to ph change and impact it’s predators and then it’s predators and so on

grade 9 science (4 decks)

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