biology 13-14

Question 1

Define ecology

Answer 1

The study of interactions among living things.

Question 2

list the levels of ecological organization in order from smallest to largest

Answer 2

Organisms, population, community, ecosystems, bio something.

Question 3

3. Explain the difference between biotic and abiotic factors. Give examples of each.

Answer 3

Biotic–living factors (bacteria), abiotic–nonliving factors (weather)

Question 4

4. Define biodiversity. Why is it important?

Answer 4

?

Question 5

5. What is a keystone species?

Answer 5

An organism that has an unusually large effect on its environment.

Question 6

6. Explain the difference between autotrophs and heterotrophs. Give an example

Answer 6

auto trips, producer (plants) heterotrophs, consumer (eat)

Question 7

7. What is a food chain?

Answer 7

a sequence that links species by their feeding relationship.

Question 8

B. Explain the difference between carnivores and herbivores.

Answer 8

Carnivores, consuming other animals only. Herbivores, eat only plants. Omnivores, eat both.

Question 9

9. Explain the difference between detritivores and decomposers .

Answer 9

detritivores, consume dead matter. decomposers, is a type of detritivores that drank down organic matter.

Question 10

10. What is a food web?

Answer 10

A model that shows the complex network of?

Question 11

11. Describe the water cycle.

Answer 11

The flow of water from the atmosphere to the surface, to below ground, and then back.

Question 12

12. What 2 processes cycle oxygen through the atmosphere?

Answer 12

Photosynthesis and respiration.

Question 13

13. What Organism fixes nitrogen a form we can use?

Answer 13

Bacteria

Question 14

14. What happens to the amount of energy as you move up the food chain?

Answer 14

It decreases 90%.

Question 15

15. What does a pyramid of numbers show?

Answer 15

The number of individuals and in atropic level.

Question 16

16. Explain the difference between niche and habitat.

Answer 16

Habitat, environment where an organism lives. Niche, how an organism lives

Question 17

17. What does the competitive exclusion principle state?

Answer 17

if the two organisms compete for the same limited resources one will be pushed out made extinct.

Question 18

18. What are ecological equivalents?

Answer 18

to organisms that live in similar habitats far away from each other.

Question 19

19. Define competition.

Answer 19

Two organisms fight for a limited resource.

Question 20

20. Explain the difference between intraspecific competition and interspecific competition.

Answer 20

Intraspecific, two of the same species compete. Interspecific, to use different species compete.

Question 21

21. Define predation.

Answer 21

An organism captures or eats another organism.

Question 22

22. Define symbiosis.

Answer 22

A close relationship between two or more different organisms.

Question 23

23. What are the 3 types of symbiosis? Explain each.

Answer 23

?

Question 24

24. How do you calculate population density?

Answer 24

number of individuals/area square

Question 25

25. Describe the 3 dispersion patterns and what causes each.

Answer 25

uniform, evenly distributed. Clumped,? Of animals. Random, no order, no specific place.

Question 26

26. Describe the 3 types of survivorship curves.

Answer 26

?

Question 27

27. Explain the difference between immigration and emigration.

Answer 27

Immigration, movement into an environment. Emigration, out of an environment.

Question 28

28. Explain the difference between logistic growth and exponential growth. Draw a graph for each.

Answer 28

?

Question 29

29. What is carrying capacity?

Answer 29

Number of individuals environment can support.

Question 30

30. What is a limiting factor?

Answer 30

Factor that limits population growth.

Question 31

31. Explain the difference between density-dependent limiting factors and density-independent limiting factors. Give 2 examples of each.

Answer 31

Density dependent. A density dependent factor is a limiting factor that depends on population size. A Density-independent limiting factor affects all populations in similar ways, regardless of the population size.

Question 32

32. What is succession?

Answer 32

Sequence of biotic changes that regenerate a damaged community in a previously uninhabited area.

Question 33

33. Explain the difference between primary and secondary succession.

Answer 33

Primary succession begins in areas where no soil is present. Secondary succession occurs in areas where there is soil already present.