biology

Question 1

functions of water (3)

Answer 1

needed to dissolve the chemicals in your food
Take part in metabolic reactions it also
Makes up 60% of your body

Question 2

functions of fibre

Answer 2

it provides bulk to your food, allowing it to move properly through your intestines

Question 3

functions of carbohydrates

Answer 3

provide energy

Question 4

functions of lipids

Answer 4

provide energy and are stored for warmth and future use

Question 5

functions of proteins

Answer 5

are needed for growth and repair
and used as a long term energy source

Question 6

functions of vitamins

Answer 6

are needed to control some of the chemical changes that occur in the cells of your body

Question 7

functions of minerals

Answer 7

are needed in small amounts to ensure healthy growth and prevention of disease

Question 8

mechanical digestion

Answer 8

digesting food through physical means e.g. chewing

Question 9

chemical digestion

Answer 9

digesting food through chemical means e.g. the hydrochloric acid in your stomach.

Question 10

mouth

Answer 10

breaks up food particles

Question 11

oesophagus

Answer 11

transports food

Question 12

stomach (3)

Answer 12

stores and churns food
pepsin digest protein
HCI activates enzymes breaks up food and kills germs.

Question 13

liver (5)

Answer 13

breaks down and builds up biological molecules,
destroys old blood cells,
stores vitamins and iron,
destroys poisons
adds bile to the digestion process

Question 14

pancreas (5)

Answer 14

hormones regulate blood sugar levels
bicarbonates neutralise stomach acids
trypsin and chymotrypsin digest proteins
amylase digests sugars
lipase digests lipids.

Question 15

small intestine

Answer 15

completes digestion,
absorbs nutrients and water,
peptidase digests proteins,
sucrases digest sugars
and amylase digests polysaccharides

Question 16

large intestine (2)

Answer 16

reabsorbs water and iron
forms and stores faeces

Question 17

rectum

Answer 17

stores and expels faeces.

Question 18

red blood cells (5)

Answer 18

red blood cells account for 45% of blood
They are wheel shaped and are red
they carry hemoglobin,
they also carry oxygen to and from the lungs
created in bone marrow

Question 19

white blood cells (3)

Answer 19

white blood cells account for less than 0.1% of our blood protect us from disease,
‘absorbing’ bacteria and other germs that cause disease,
Make antibodies.

Question 20

platelets (3)

Answer 20

platelets make up 0.01% of our blood
they form in bone marrow
help clot blood.

Question 21

plasma

Answer 21

a yellow liquid that makes up 55% of blood,
it is mainly water and nutrients,
hormones and waste dissolved in it.

Question 22

arteries

Answer 22

carry oxygenated blood away from the heart

Question 23

veins

Answer 23

carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart

Question 24

capillaries

Answer 24

capillaries are so thin they allow oxygen and sugar to leave the blood and enter cells

Question 25

pulse

Answer 25

a pressure wave from the heart

Question 26

excretion

Answer 26

any process that removes unwanted products of chemical reactions of cells and excess water

Question 27

digestion

Answer 27

the mechanical and chemical breakdown of food to particles small enough to be absorbed into the cells of the body

Question 28

kidney

Answer 28

filters blood and creates urine

Question 29

urethra

Answer 29

where the urine is released

Question 30

ureter

Answer 30

transports the urine from the kidneys to the bladder

Question 31

bladder

Answer 31

stores urine for excretion

Question 32

ribs

Answer 32

protect your lungs and heart

Question 33

diaphragm

Answer 33

expand and contracts to allows us to breathe

Question 34

trachea

Answer 34

a windpipe

Question 35

lungs

Answer 35

used to hold the air we breathe in

Question 36

alveoli

Answer 36

little sacs where oxygen is exchanged for carbon dioxide through the capillaries on the alveoli.