Biology Flashcards
(25 cards)
What does a Phospholipid bilayer do
The phospholipid bilayer allows the cell to be selectively permeable which means only letting certain things in and out
What are proteins purpose within the membrane
Proteins are thought to be carrier molecules through the membrane
What is the cell membranes purpose
The cell membranes main purpose is to protect the cell by regulating the movements of molecules in and out of the cell
What is faster the nervous system or hormonal system (why)
The nervous system relies on electrical impulses to carry a signal whereas hormonal systems rely on slow blood circulation
Define action potential
Action potential is where a rapid sequence of voltage changes across a membrane
Define Synapsis
A synapse is a junction between two nerve cells consisting of a small gap in which impulse pass by
Define stimuli
Stimuli is a thing that evokes a specific function in the organ or the tissue.
What is a pathogen
A pathogen is an agent that causes disease, they are mainly cellular which are organism like bacteria, fungi, protozoans and different types of worms.
Difference between an epidemic and an endemic
An epidemic is something that is spreading with a large amount of people within a community and an endemic is something that belong to a community or a particular people in a country.
Difference between endo-parasites and ecto-parasites
Ectoparasites live outside of their hosts and endoparasites live within their hosts body
how do bacterial diseases spread
Bacterial diseases spread through physical contact, airborne, droplets, vectors and vehicular
How do pathogen enter the body
Pathogens can enter the body via natural opening or wounds and breaks in the skin. Each of the natural opening have a tube lined with soft moist membranes that are breeding ground for most pathogens.
difference between innate and acquired immune systems
Innate immune systems are present in all organisms and is always working, it does not need assistance or any special preparation to prevent infection. Acquired immune systems have to be primed before it can be fully effective
What is the equation for photosynthesis
6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2. or carbon dioxide molecules and six water molecules, are converted by light energy captured by chlorophyll
What consists inside a Eukaryotic cell
mitochondria, chloroplasts, the endoplasmic reticulum, the Golgi apparatus, and lysosomes
determine the difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes
eukaryotic cells have a membrane-bound nucleus and prokaryotic cells do not.
Types of receptors
Photoreceptor (light), Baroreceptor (Blood PH), Thermoreceptor (temp), Mechanoreceptor (body position)
What is transpiration
process of plants losing water, helps in the movements of minerals
What is the xylem and what is phloem
Xylem is the tissue transports water and minerals from the roots to the leaves whereas the phloem tissue transports food from the leaves to the other parts of the plant.
What does ADH stand for and what does it do
Antidiuretic Hormone regulate the amount of water in the body in the kidneys
What is simple diffusion
the process by which molecules, atoms, or ions diffuse through a semipermeable membrane down their concentration gradient without the assistance of transporter proteins
What is osmosis
the net movement of water across a semipermeable membrane
What is facilitated diffusion
Facilitated diffusion is a type of passive transport that uses specialized proteins, such as channel proteins and carrier proteins, to help molecules move across a cell membrane
What is active transport
the movement of molecules or ions across a cell membrane from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration against the concentration gradient.
