Biology

Question 1

Cell Membrane

Answer 1

Controls what goes in and out of cell

Question 2

Cytoplasm

Answer 2

Suspends organelles writhing cell, mostly water

Question 3

Mitochondria

Answer 3

Performs cellulare respiration
Converts glucose & O2 —> energy & CO2

Question 4

Ribosome

Answer 4

Help make proteins
- structure
- Function
- Regulation

Question 5

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Answer 5

Transport different materials (proteins) within cell

Question 6

Vesicles

Answer 6

Transport and store in/out of cell

Question 7

Golgi Body

Answer 7

pack and carry proteins for transport in vesicles

Question 8

Nucleus

Answer 8

Contains genetic information (DNA)
Inside: Nucleus, produce ribosomes

Question 9

Vacuoles

Answer 9

Mostly water, regulates fluidpressure

Question 10

Cytoskeleton

Answer 10

Framework for cell strucutre

Question 11

Cell Wall

Answer 11

Proviodes Structure, Outside of cell membrane (Plants only)

Question 12

Chloroplasts

Answer 12

Photosynthesis, traps suns energy to make glucose (plants only)

Question 13

Lysome

Answer 13

Break down of materials

Question 14

Every cell in an organism has the same:

Answer 14

DNA molecule

Question 15

What are the four nitrogenous bases?

Answer 15

Adenine, Thymine, Citosine, Guanine

Question 16

What do genes provide instuctions for?

Answer 16

Proteins

Question 17

What is DNA called in the nucleus?

Answer 17

Chromatin

Question 18

What does chromatin condense into?

Answer 18

Chromosomes

Question 19

What is in the center of a double chromosome?

Answer 19

Centromere

Question 20

What is each half of a chromosome called?

Answer 20

Sister chromatids

Question 21

Why do unicellular cells divide?

Answer 21

To reproduce an organism and to maintain a large SA/V ratio

Question 22

Why do multicellular cells divide?.

Answer 22

To reproduce, grow, repair, and replace damage cells, Maintain a large SA/V ratio

Question 23

What is the purpose of cell division?

Answer 23

1. Growth
2. Healing and Tissue Repair
3. Reproduction

Question 24

What are the four phases of mitosis? And what comes after?

Answer 24

Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase and cytokinesis

Question 25

What happens in prophase?

Answer 25

1. Chromosomes condense and become visible 2.Nuclear membrane breaks 3. Spindle fibres connect to the two centrals 4.Centrioles sperate and move to each pole of cell

Question 26

What happens in the Metaphase?

Answer 26

1. Centrioles are at poles 2. Spindle fibres pull the centromeres into line 3. Double-stranded chromosome align at the cell equator 4. Centromeres divide

Question 27

What happens in anaphase?

Answer 27

1. Spindle fibres contract and pull the centromeres to the poles 2. Chromatids seperate 3. Single-stranded chromosomes are pulled to oppposite poles

Question 28

What happens in telophase?

Answer 28

1. Nuclear membrane forms 2. Single-stranded chromosome uncoil and dissapear

Question 29

What happens in cytokinesis of an animal versus a plant cell?

Answer 29

Animal: Proteins pinch in the middle of the cell to seperate Plant: Golgi body produces small vesicles, vesicles line up between nuclei to create a new cell wall

Question 30

How much time worth of the cell cycle is interphase?

Answer 30

90%

Question 31

What is G1 phase?

Answer 31

- Growth - Makes Protein - Gets ready to copy its chromotin

Question 32

What is S Phase?

Answer 32

DNA replication

Question 33

What is G2 Phase?

Answer 33

- Cell growth - Creates more protein

Question 34

What is G0 Phase?

Answer 34

- Temporary/permanent resting period for a cell