Biology Flashcards
(26 cards)
Which amino acid has a sulfur atom in its structure?
Cysteine
True or False: Glycine is the only amino acid that is not chiral.
True
What is the general structure of an amino acid?
A central carbon atom, an amino group, a carboxyl group, a hydrogen atom, and a variable R group.
Which amino acid is represented by the three-letter code ‘Ala’?
Alanine
Fill in the blank: The amino acid with the side chain containing an aromatic ring is called _____.
Phenylalanine
What is the side chain of Serine?
A hydroxymethyl group (-CH2OH)
Which amino acid is essential and must be obtained from the diet?
Leucine
True or False: All amino acids can be synthesized by the human body.
False
What is the side chain of Tryptophan?
An indole ring
Which amino acid is known for its role in the production of neurotransmitters?
Tyrosine
What is the three-letter code for Glutamine?
Gln
Which amino acid contains a positively charged side chain at physiological pH?
Lysine
Fill in the blank: The amino acid with a branched-chain side group is _____.
Valine
What is the primary function of amino acids in the body?
To serve as building blocks for proteins.
Which amino acid has a side chain that can form hydrogen bonds due to its hydroxyl group?
Serine
Which amino acid is represented by the one-letter code ‘M’?
Methionine
True or False: Arginine is classified as a non-essential amino acid.
True
What is the significance of the ‘R’ group in an amino acid?
It determines the properties and identity of the amino acid.
Which amino acid has a side chain that contains a carboxylic acid group?
Aspartic acid
What are the two main functional groups in an amino acid structure?
Amino group (-NH2) and carboxyl group (-COOH)
Which amino acid is known for its role in collagen formation?
Proline
Fill in the blank: The amino acid with a side chain that contains a cyclic structure is _____.
Proline
What is the one-letter code for Aspartic acid?
D
Which amino acid is known as the precursor for serotonin?
Tryptophan
