biology Flashcards
(20 cards)
what are the main characteristics of a eukaryotic organisms?
A eukaryotic organism is an organism whose cells contain membrane-bound organelles including a nucleus, cytoplasm and a cell membrane.
Prokaryotic organisms contain a nucleus.?True or False?
false-prokaryotic organisms do not contain a nucleus
Define prokaryotic organism.
A prokaryotic organism is an organism whose cells lack a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles. or They have cytoplasm and a cell membrane surrounded by a cell wall.
All prokaryotic organisms are single-celled.True or False?
True-Prokaryotic organisms are always single-celled.
define the term plasmid?
a plasmid is a small circular loop of DNA found in prokaryotic
Eukaryotic cells are larger than prokaryotic cells.True or False?
True-Eukaryotic cells are larger than prokaryotic cells. Eukaryotic cells are typically between 10 and 100 µm. Prokaryotic cells are much smaller in comparison to eukaryotic cells, with many measuring ~ 1 µm in size
How many micrometres (µm) are in a millimetre (mm)?
There are 1000 µm in 1 mm
What is 1,000,000 in standard form?
There are 1,000,000 nanometres in a millimetre./1,000,000 in standard form is 1 x 106
To convert a measurement from nanometres to micrometres you must multiply by 1000. ?true or false
False-To convert a measurement from nanometres to micrometres you must divide by 1000
If a eukaryotic cell is 100µm wide and prokaryotic cell is 1µm wide, how much bigger is the eukaryotic cell in terms of orders of magnitude?
The eukaryotic cell is 2 orders of magnitude wider than the prokaryotic cell / 1 = 100 and 100 = 102, therefore it is 2 orders of magnitude wider
What separates cells from their surrounding environment?
The cell membrane separates cells from their surrounding environment.
Name the largest organelle present within animal cells.
The largest organelle within animal cells is the nucleus.
Name the structures present in plant cells that are not present in animal cells.
Cell wall
Chloroplasts
Permanent vacuole
Ribosomes are present in both plant and animal cells.True or False?
true-Ribosomes are present in plant and animal cells. They are the site of protein synthesis.
Name three organelles found within animal cells.
Nucleus
Mitochondria
Ribosomes
What is the smallest organelle present in both plant and animal cells?
Ribosomes are the smallest organelle; they are present in both plant and animal cells.
The gel-like fluid present inside both plant and animal cells is the chloroplast.true or false
False-The gel-like fluid present in plant and animal cells is the cytoplasm. Chloroplasts are organelles found in plant cells.
The role of the nucleus is to release energy for the cell.True or False?
False-The role of the nucleus is to store genetic information in the form of DNA. Energy is released by the mitochondria.
What is the function of chloroplasts within plant cells?
Chloroplasts absorb light energy during the process of photosynthesis.
Plant cell walls are responsible for controlling the passage of substances in and out of cells.True or False?
False-Plant cell walls provide strength and additional structural support for plant cells. It is the membrane that regulates the passage of substances.
