Biology

Question 1

Smooth Endplasmic Reticulum

Answer 1

folded emebrane, no ribosomes, lipid synthesis

Question 2

Rough Endplasmic Reticulum

Answer 2

site for protein synthesis, folded membrane, with ribosomes

Question 3

Cell wall

Answer 3

rigid structure, surrounds cell, gives shape to plant cells

Question 4

Ribosome

Answer 4

made in nucleolus, in rough ER, floating in cytoplasm, protein synthesis

Question 5

Chloroplast

Answer 5

double membrane, contains chlorophyll (green), photosynthesis

Question 6

Mitochondria

Answer 6

double membrane, cellular respiration / energy

Question 7

Golgi body

Answer 7

folded membrane, near ERs, modifies proteins, lipids

Question 8

Nucleolus

Answer 8

(darker), in nucleus, ribosome production

Question 9

Nucleus

Answer 9

contains genetic information, cellular control centre

Question 10

Nuclear Envelope

Answer 10

double membrane, seperates genetic material

Question 11

Interphase

Answer 11

cell grows, chromosomes (being read) duplicated, more organelles

Question 12

Prophase

Answer 12

chromosomes condensed (sister chromatids), nuclear envelope disappears, centrioles move to poles, spindle fibres

Question 13

Metaphase

Answer 13

Chromosomes line up on equator, spindle fibres attach to centromeres

Question 14

Anaphase

Answer 14

Sister chromatids seperate at centromeresm spindle fibres shorten

Question 15

Telophase

Answer 15

Chromosomes begin to decondense (chromatin), spindle fibres disappear

Question 16

Cytokinesis

Answer 16

splitting of cytoplasm –> 2 daughter cells, identical genetic informations

Question 17

Cancer Cell Diffrences

Answer 17

Uncontrollable divison, no useful work, can metastasize

Question 18

Cardiac Circuit

Answer 18

Within heart

Question 19

Pulmonary Circuit

Answer 19

To/from lungs

Question 20

Systemic Circuit

Answer 20

To/from body

Question 21

Artery adaption

Answer 21

thick muscle walls, handles high pressure

Question 22

Vein adaption

Answer 22

valves, prevents backflow

Question 23

Capillary adaption

Answer 23

small circumfrence, efficient diffusion

Question 24

Aorta

Answer 24

heart –> aorta –> ox to body

Question 25

Vena Cava

Answer 25

superior up, inferior down, to right atrium (heart)

Question 26

Coronary artery disease

Answer 26

blockage of atery to heart (from lungs), blocked by plaque

Question 27

Hypertension

Answer 27

prolonged high-blood-pressure, artery narrowed by plaque

Question 28

Heart attack

Answer 28

plaque blocks blood to heart muscles

Question 29

Stroke

Answer 29

plaque blocks artery to brain

Question 30

Oral Cavity (mouth)

Answer 30

chews food

Question 31

Salivary Glands

Answer 31

produces saliva (with amylase)

Question 32

Stomach

Answer 32

gastric juice (HCl) digests

Question 33

Small Instestines

Answer 33

contains villi, nutrient absorbtion to blood

Question 34

Large Intestine

Answer 34

absorbs water

Question 35

Rectum

Answer 35

opening to dispose of waste

Question 36

Liver

Answer 36

production of bile

Question 37

Gallbladder

Answer 37

stores bile

Question 38

Pancreas

Answer 38

produces disgestion aiding enzymes

Question 39

Esophagus

Answer 39

transports food to stomach

Question 40

Nasal Cavity

Answer 40

contains tiny hairs, cleans air of particulate

Question 41

Pharynx

Answer 41

where nasal cavity, esophagus, trachea meet

Question 42

Larynx

Answer 42

voice box, cartilage, vocal cords

Question 43

Trachea

Answer 43

cartilage, maintains respiratory passage structure, cillia --> mucus for cleaning

Question 44

Bronchi/Bronchiole

Answer 44

Bronchi --> Bronchiole, cartilage, ends at alveoli

Question 45

Alveoli

Answer 45

Raspberry, one cell thick, efficient diffusion

Question 46

Heartburn

Answer 46

esophagus, stomach acid enters esophagus, antacids

Question 47

Diarrhea

Answer 47

large intestine, rapid feces movement, no water absorbed, antibiotics

Question 48

Consipation

Answer 48

rectum, slow feces movement, consume fibre

Question 49

Bronchitis

Answer 49

bronchi cillia immobilized, system debris clogged

Question 50

Asthma

Answer 50

allergies, mucus obstructs bronchiole airflow

Question 51

Pneumonia

Answer 51

Lungs, fluid in lungs, blocks alveoli

Question 52

Epiglottis

Answer 52

flap for trachea, esophagus

Question 53

Emphysema

Answer 53

alveoli walls, brittle, fuse

Question 54

Dermal tissue

Answer 54

Exterior tissue, protection: root hairs, leaves

Question 55

Vascular Tissue

Answer 55

circulates resources: xylem phloem

Question 56

Ground Tissue

Answer 56

filler tissue, stores resouces: palisade, spongy

Question 57

Xylem

Answer 57

dead cell walls: minerals water, upward

Question 58

Phloem

Answer 58

elongated cells: sugars nutrients, bi-directional