BIOLOGY

Question 1

What are the two distinct type of cells?

Answer 1

Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic

Question 2

This contains a membrane-bound structure called Nucleus and Cytoplasm, filled with tiny structures called organelles

Answer 2

Eukaryotic

Question 3

This is a lot smaller and lacks both a Nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.

Answer 3

Prokaryotic

Question 4

What are examples of Prokaryotic cells?

Answer 4

Bacteria and Rickettsiae

Question 5

What are examples of Eukaryotic Cells?

Answer 5

Fungi, Protists, Plant Cells, and Animal Cells

Question 6

It’s a complex double-layered structure made up of Phospholipids and Proteins

Answer 6

Plasma Membrane

Question 7

The largest organelle and the control center of the cell.

Answer 7

Nucleus

Question 8

These are the sites of Protein synthesis. Their job is to manufacture all the proteins required by the cell or secreted by the cell.

Answer 8

Ribosomes

Question 9

It is a continuous channel that extends into many regions of the cytoplasm

Answer 9

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Question 10

It looks like stacks of flattened sacs, also participate in the processing of proteins.

Answer 10

Golgi Bodies

Question 11

It is often referred to as the “powerhouses” of the cell. They are responsible for converting the energy from organic Molecules into useful energy for the cell.

Answer 11

Mitochondria

Question 12

What is the energy molecule in the cell called?

Answer 12

Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)

Question 13

These are small, membrane-bound structures that carry digestive enzymes which they use to break down old organelles, debris, or large ingested particles.

Answer 13

Lysosomes

Question 14

These are small, paired, cylindrical structures that are found within the microtubule organizing centers (MTOCs)

Answer 14

Centrioles

Question 15

In Latine, the term “vacuole” means “empty cavity,” but they are fluid-filled sacs that store water, food, wastes, salts or pigments

Answer 15

Vacuoles

Question 16

These are organelles that detoxify various substances, producing hydrogen peroxide as a byproduct.

Answer 16

Peroxisomes

Question 17

This holds the cell together and enables it to keep its shape. It is determined by a network of fibers called [blank]

Answer 17

Cytoskeleton

Question 18

What are the most important fibers in a Cytoskeleton?

Answer 18

Microtubules and Microfilaments

Question 19

These are made up of protein tubulin, participates in cellular division and movement.

Answer 19

Microtubules

Question 20

It is a rigid layer just outside of the plasma membrane that provides support for the cell and is made of cellulose

Answer 20

Cell Wall

Question 21

These contain Chlorophyll, the light-capturing pigment that givesplants their characteristic green color.

Answer 21

Chloroplasts

Question 22

This particular cell type contains: Cell Wall, Plasma Membrane, and Ribosomes

Answer 22

Prokaryote

Question 23

This particular cell type containes: Cell Wall, Plasma Membrane, Organlles, Nuclues, and Ribosomes

Answer 23

Plant Cell

Question 24

This particular cell type contains: Plasma Membrane, Organelles, Nucleus, Centrioles, and Ribosomes

Answer 24

Animal Cell

Question 25

What is Endoctysis?

Answer 25

The cell uses a portion of the cell membrane to engulf the substance. It forms a pocket, pinches in, and eventually forms either a vacuole or a vesicle.

Question 26

It is a process by which individual cells process nutrient molecules.

Answer 26

Cell Metabolism

Question 27

It is where the cell breaks down complex molecules to produce energy and reducing power

Answer 27

Catabolism

Question 28

It is where the cell constructs complex molecules and perform other biological functions

Answer 28

Anabolism

Question 29

What does the first law of Thermodynamics indicate?

Answer 29

Energy cannot be created or destroyed. The sum of energy in the universe is constant.

Question 30

What does the second law of Thermodynamics state?

Answer 30

Energy transfer leads to less organization. The universe tends toward disorder (or entropy).

Question 31

This consists of a molecule of adenosine bonded to three phosphates. An enermous amount of energy is packed into those phosphate bonds, particularly the third bond.

Answer 31

Andenosine Triphosphate

Question 32

What does ATP stand for?

Answer 32

Andenosine Triphosphate

Question 33

Where does ATP come from?

Answer 33

Photosynthesis or Cellular Respiration