Biology

Question 1

Homeostasis

Answer 1

the maintenance of the internal enviroment

Question 2

senses

Answer 2

smell, touch, sight, sound, taste

Question 3

Stimulus - response

Answer 3

Stimulus - receptor - control centre - effector - response

Question 4

stimulus

Answer 4

the change in the enviroment

Question 5

receptor

Answer 5

detects change

Question 6

control centre

Answer 6

brain

Question 7

effector

Answer 7

muscles and glands

Question 8

response

Answer 8

the outcome

Question 9

negative feedback

Answer 9

counteracts the stimulus

Question 10

positive feedback

Answer 10

adds on to the stimulus

Question 11

endocrine system

Answer 11

hormones

Question 12

hormones

Answer 12

chemical messengers that are made by glands

Question 13

hormones travel

Answer 13

through the bloodstream

Question 14

temp regulation (heat)

Answer 14

Sweat - produced by sweat glands
Vasodilation - veins dilate letting warm blood to surface releasing heat
breathing fast - lets out heat

Question 15

Over heat

Answer 15

heat stroke

Question 16

temp regulation (cold)

Answer 16

shivering - muscles rapidly contract creating heat through movement
vasoconstriction - veins contract keeping warm blood in the core
goosebumps - hair stick up trapping heat

Question 17

too cold

Answer 17

hypothermia

Question 18

insulin

Answer 18

lowers blood sugar levels

Question 19

glucagon

Answer 19

raises blood sugar levels

Question 20

main glands

Answer 20

thyroid - metabolism, growth
pancreas - insulin

Question 21

Type 1 diabetes

Answer 21

body doesnt make insulin

Question 22

type 2 diabetes

Answer 22

body doesnt react to insulin

Question 23

Nervous systems

Answer 23

CNS - brain, spinal cord
PNS - everywhere else

Question 24

Brain functions

Answer 24

Voluntary acts

Question 25

Spinal cord functions

Answer 25

Involuntary acts

Question 26

Cerebrum

Answer 26

Every day thoughts, process information

Question 27

left hemisphere

Answer 27

maths, language, logic, problem solving controls right side of body

Question 28

right hemisphere

Answer 28

art, music, creativity controls left side of body

Question 29

Myelin

Answer 29

insulates axons, makes neurotransmitters go faster

Question 30

axon

Answer 30

transmits electrical currents

Question 31

Nucleus

Answer 31

controls cell functions

Question 32

dendrites

Answer 32

receive info from other cells

Question 33

axon terminals

Answer 33

release chemical transmitters

Question 34

cell body

Answer 34

holds the nucleus

Question 35

Neurons

Answer 35

Sensory motor interneurons

Question 36

Sensory

Answer 36

PNS - CNS communicate the senses myelin receptors

Question 37

Motor

Answer 37

CNS - PNS communicate movement, muscles, glands myelin receptor

Question 38

Interneuron

Answer 38

Sensory - motor - brain (spinal cord) connect spinal motor and sensory neurons no myelin no receptor

Question 39

Synapse

Answer 39

Small gap where neurotransmitters travel between neurons

Question 40

Antagonists

Answer 40

Drugs that block receptors i.e paracetamol

Question 41

agonists

Answer 41

drugs that mimic neurotransmitters and activate response i.e caffeine

Question 42

cerebellum

Answer 42

balance and co-ordination

Question 43

hypothalamus

Answer 43

regulate body temp and water levels

Question 44

corpus callosum

Answer 44

connects hemispheres of cerebrum

Question 45

brain stem

Answer 45

controls involuntary acts i.e breathing, heart rate, digestion

Question 46

features of nervous system Type of message Speed Duration specificity

Answer 46

electrochemical very fast very short highly specific

Question 47

features of endocrine system Type of message Speed Duration specificity

Answer 47

chemical slower longer lasting highly specific (only go to target cells)