Biology 20 - Chapter 5 : Photosynthesis review

Question 1

What is a packet of energy called?

Answer 1

Photon

Question 2

What is the name of the energy-capturing portion of photosynthesis that occurs in the thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts and cannot proceed without solar energy and which produces ATP and NADPH?

Answer 2

Light-dependent reactions

Question 3

What is the name of the green pigment that absorbs solar energy?

Answer 3

Chlorophyll

Question 4

What is the name of the semi-liquid, protein-rich compartment of the chloroplast?

Answer 4

Stroma

Question 5

What is the name of the column of stacked thylakoids?

Answer 5

Grana

Question 6

what is the name of the passage of electrons along a series of carrier molecules, energy released is used for ATP synthesis?

Answer 6

Chloroplast

Question 7

What is the name of the series of photosynthetic reactions in which carbon is fixed and glucose molecules are formed, where it takes place in the stroma and does not directly require solar energy?

Answer 7

Light-independent reactions

Question 8

What is the name of the process occurring in the chloroplast, where solar energy is captured and water + carbon dioxide are used to create oxygen and simple sugars (glucose)?

Answer 8

Photosynthesis

Question 9

What is the name of photosynthetic clusters of pigment where solar energy is absorbed and electrons are exited?

Answer 9

Photosystem

Question 10

What is the outer membrane of a chloroplast?

Answer 10

The “skin” of a chloroplast

Question 11

What is the inner membrane of a chloroplast?

Answer 11

The inside “skin” of a chloroplast

Question 12

What is the stroma?

Answer 12

Liquide filled space inside the chloroplast

Question 13

What is a thylakoid?

Answer 13

Flattened stacks inside the stroma

Question 14

What is the thylakoid membrane?

Answer 14

“Skin” of a thylakoid, where the light-dependant reactions happen

Question 15

What is the thylakoid lumen?

Answer 15

Space of liquid inside the thylakoid

Question 16

What is an autotroph?

Answer 16

Also called producers (“self-feeders”). Captured sun and self nourishes by photosynthesis

Question 17

What are three examples of autotrophs?

Answer 17

Plants, algae, sea vent bacteria

Question 18

Where are pigments located?

Answer 18

Pigments are located in the thylakoid membrane inside the photosystems.

Question 19

Why do we see plants as green?

Answer 19

Because pigment inside of the photosystems absorbs every color but reflects the color green and yellow making plants look green/yellow to humans

Question 20

Which compounds are high energy and which is low energy?

Answer 20

Oxidized (low energy) - NADP+ & ADP+
Reduced (high energy) - NADPH & ATP

Question 21

Where does NADP+ get reduced and then what is it used for?

Answer 21

NADP+ gets reduced in the electron transport chair and becomes NADPH, NADPH is then used to transfer energy from the light dependent reaction to the light-independent reaction/Calvin cycle

Question 22

Define photosynthesis.

Answer 22

Photosynthesis uses light energy to fix CO2 into glucose.

Question 23

What are the reactants of the light-dependent reactions?

Answer 23

H2O, light energy, ADP+, NADP+

Question 24

What are the products of the light-dependent reactions?

Answer 24

O2, NADPH, ATP

Question 25

Where in the chloroplast do the light-dependent reactions happen?

Answer 25

Inside the thylakoid and across the thylakoid membrane

Question 26

What are the reactants of the light-independent reactions?

Answer 26

CO2, ATP, NADPH

Question 27

What are the products of the light-independent reactions?

Answer 27

Glucose, ADP+, NADP+

Question 28

Where in the chloroplast do the light-independent reactions happen?

Answer 28

Inside the stroma of the chloroplast

Question 29

What is the process called when a water molecule splits?

Answer 29

Photolysis

Question 30

In what stage of the light-dependent reactions is ATP made? What is this process called?

Answer 30

H+is sent out through the ATP synthase along the concentration gradient and the energy from that get used to reduce ADP into ATP thorugh a process called chemiosmosis

Question 31

Once the pigments inside the photosystems gather a bunch of light energy from the light photons that are hitting them, where is that energy then passed on?

Answer 31

the reaction center

Question 32

What is the reaction center made up of?

Answer 32

Chlorophyll A

Question 33

What is the name of the enzyme that attached the starting molecule RuBP (5 carbons) and CO2 from the atmosphere together?

Answer 33

Rubisco

Question 34

What is it called when CO2 is grabbed from the atmosphere and put into thee Calvin Benson cycle?

Answer 34

Carbon fixation