Biology Flashcards
(100 cards)
1
Q
*LABEL BIOMES ON THE MAP OF CANADA*
A
.
2
Q
Abiotic
A
Non-living parts of an ecosystem
2
Q
Acid Precipitation
A
Precipitation that has been made more acidic by the combination of a chemical in the air and water vapor
2
Q
*REVIEW BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES*
A
3
Q
Atmosphere
A
Layer of gases above the Earth
4
Q
Bioaccumulation
A
The concentration of a substance (Pesticide) in the body of a organism
5
Q
Bioamplification
A
The increase in concentration of a substance such as a pesticide as it moves higher up the food web
6
Q
Biodiversity
A
The variety of life in a particular ecosystem
7
Q
Biogeochemical Cycle
A
Cycles where chemicals are used for different processes
8
Q
Biomass
A
The mass of organisums
9
Q
Biome
A
A large region defined by it’s climate and biotic and abiotic features
10
Q
Bioremediation
A
A waste management technique that uses organisms to remove or neutralize pollutants from a contaminated site
10
Q
Biosphere
A
Where living things are
11
Q
Biotic
A
Living part of an ecosystem
12
Q
Carbon Cycle
A
The movement of carbon through the enviorment
12
Q
Broad-Spectrum Pesticide
A
A pesticide that is effective against many types of pests
14
Q
Carrying Capacity
A
The maximum population an ecosystem can withstand
15
Q
Cellular Respiration
A
Process animals use to obtain energy from glucose
17
Q
Clear Cutting
A
The removal of all the trees in a certain area
18
Q
Consumer
A
Get energy from consuming other organisums
18
Q
DDT
A
a type of pesticide
19
Q
Decomposer
A
Break down dead organisms and waste
20
Q
Ecosystem
A
Complex self-regulating system in which living things interact with non-living factors
20
Q
Ecological Pyramid
A
Shows how much matter or energy is present at each trophic energy level
21
Endangered
A species facing imminent extirpation or extinction
22
Equilibrium
The conditions remain relatively constant over time
23
Erosion
The wearing away of the Earth's surface
24
Eutrophic
A body of water that is rich in nutrients
25
Extinct
A species that has died out an no longer occurs on Earth
26
Extirpated
A species that no longer exists in a specific area
28
Food Chains
Simple model that shows how matter and energy move through an ecosystem
29
Food Web
Shows all possible feeding relationships in a community at each trophic level
30
Fragmentation
Dividing of a region into smaller pieces or fragments
30
How can humans increase the carrying capacity of an ecosystem?
- Build upwards
- Increase the amount of water
31
How do humans disrupt the carbon cycle?
- Deforestation
- Livestock
32
How do species survive that live in the intertidal zone?
They have hard protective shells and grab onto rocks so they don't wash away
33
How does nitrogen get "fixed"?
- Lightening
- Nitrogen Fixing Bacteria
34
How does plastic break up in the water?
UV Rays and Waves
35
Hydrosphere
Liquid part of the Earth
36
Intertidal Zone
The area between high and low tide
38
Invasive Species
Species that have become established outside of their natural range
38
Introduced Species
A species that is new to an area and has somehow made it into another part of the world. All non-native species.
39
Leaching
The process by which nutrients are removed from the soil as water passes through it
40
Light Energy
Light energy from the sun, used in photosynthesis
41
Limiting Factor
Factors that limit the size of a population
42
Lithosphere
Solid outer part of the Earth
43
Mangrove
A type of tree that grows into the water on the shoreline
44
Name 3 impacts fertilizer has on the environment.
1) Nitrogen in our drinking water
2) Soil looses nutrients
3) Algae growth increases
46
Narrow Spectrum Pesticide
A pesticide that is effect against only a few types of pests
47
Natural Fertilizer
A type of fertilizer made from plants and animal wastes
48
Neutralization
When lakes with limestone counteract the acid in the water
49
Nitrogen Cycle
The movement of nitrogen through the enviorment
50
Non-target species
A species that was not intended to be killed
51
Oligotrophic
A body of water that is low in nutrients
52
Permafrost
The ground is permanently frozen
53
Pest
Anything that competes with,damages or consumes crops
55
Pesticide
A substance used to kill a pest INSECTICIDES= Kills insects HERBICIDES= Kills plants
55
Pesticide Resistance
When a pesticide is used for a long time and no longer works
57
Photosynthesis
How plants obtain energy from the sun and turn them into sugars (glucose)
58
Pollution
Harmful contaminents released into the enviorment
59
Primary Succession
Succession on newly exposed land
60
Producer
Make food using photosynthesis
61
Secondary Succession
Succession in a particularity disturbed ecosystem where there is still some life
62
Selective Cutting
Selected trees are cut down (In areas where trees are the attraction)
63
Shelterwood Cutting
Mature trees are cut down so the smaller ones underneath can grow
64
Special Concern
A species that may become threatened or endangered because of a combination of factors
65
Species Richness
The number of species in an area
65
Stewardship
Taking personal responsibility for the care and management of something
67
Succession
The gradual rebuilding of an ecosystem after a disaster
67
Sustainability
The ability to maintain an ecological balance
68
Sustainable Ecosystem
An ecosystem that can maintain itself through natural processes
70
Thermal Energy
Heat energy from the sun
70
Synthetic Fertilizer
A type of fertilizer made by humans; Fertilizers manufactured using chemical processes
71
Threatened
A species that is likely to become endangered if factors reducing its survival are not changed
73
Tolerance Range
The conditions in which a species can survive
74
Trophic Level
A level in a pyramid used to show how energy is moved
75
Water Cycle
The movement of water through the enviorment
75
Trophic Level
The position of an organism in a food chain
77
Water Shed
The land area that is drained by a particular river
78
What are 2 ways acid rain affects aquatic ecosystems?
1) Makes the water clear
2) Kills organisums
79
What are 3 ways acid precipitation affect terrestrial ecosystems?
1) Changes the soil
2) Kills plants
3) Ruins human structures
80
What are the 2 ways to count the species richness?
1) Tag animals
2) Count
82
What are the 3 methods of cutting trees?
1) Clear cutting
2) Shelterwood Cutting
3) Selective Cutting
82
What are the 3 impacts pesticides have on the environment?
1) Non-target species
2) Bioamplification
3) Pesticide Resistance
84
What are the 4 key abiotic factors in a terrestrial ecosystem?
- Light
- Water
- Nutrients
- Tempature
84
What are the 3 ways invasive species can be controlled?
1) Biological
2) Chemical
3) Mechanical
86
What are the 4 major biomes in Canada?
1) Grasslands
2) Temperate Deciduous Forests
3) Boreal Forest
4) Tundra
86
What are the 4 methods used to clean an oil spill?
1) Skimming
2) Burning the oil
3) Dispersal agents
4) Bioremediation
88
What are the 4 ways species invade?
1) Backyard Gardens
2) Recreational Boating
3) Canals and Water Diversions
4) Baitfish
88
What are the 5 factors how well a region does after fragmentation?
1) Size
2) Number
3) Proximity
4) Connectedness
5) Integrity
90
What are the 5 key abiotic factors in a aquatic ecosystem?
- Light
- Nutrients
- Acidity
- Temperature
- Salinity
90
What are the 5 types of species interactions?
1) Competition
2) Predation
3) Parasitism
4) Mutualism
5) Commensalism
92
What are the Earths Speres? Name all 4
1) Biosphere
2) Atmosphere
3) Lithosphere
4) Hydrosphere
94
What defines an ecosystem?
Its abiotic and biotic components
95
What is the equation for cellular respiration?
Sugar+Oxygen--------\>Carbon Dioxide+Water
96
What is the equation for photosynthesis?
Carbon Dioxide+Water+Light Energy -----\>Sugar+Oxygen
97
What makes an invasive species successful?
1) No natural predators or disease
2) Reproduce quickly
3) Can live in many different enviorments
98
Where are coral reefs found?
In warm,shallow oceans
99
Where is the Great Pacific Garbage Patch?
The North Pacific Ocean
100
Why is it difficult to obtain nitrogen?
Nitrogen is bonded to another atom of nitrogen. This is a hard atom to break.
