Biology Flashcards
(22 cards)
what do animal cells and plant cells have in common?
nucleus, cell membrane, mitochondria, ribosomes, cytoplasm
what do plant cells have that animal cells dont?
cell wall, chloroplasts, permanent vacuole
job of the..
1) nucleus
2) cell membrane
3) ribosomes
4) mitochondria
5) chloroplasts
6) cell wall
1) contains genetic material and controls cell activity
2) controls what enters and leaves the cell
3) where proteins are made in the cell
4) reactions for respirations take place
5) contain chlorophyll which is used in photosynthesis
6) supports the cell and strengthens it
what does a yeast cell contain that a bacterial cell doesnt? explain.
a nucleus.
in a bacterial cell the genetic material is not contained in a nucleus
what is diffusion?
diffusion is the spreading out of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration
how does diffusion link to a cell membrane? e.g?
a cell membrane contorls what enters and leaves the cell…
dissolved substances can move in and out of the cell via diffusion. e.g is glucose, amino acids and water.
name and explain a specialised cell?
sperm cell or red blood cell
sperm cells have tails so they can swim better and are full of mitochondria so that the reaction of respiration to create energy is much higher
red blood cells contain no nucleus so that there is more room for haemoglobin
what is a tissue? e.g muscular tissue.
a group of similar cells that carry out a function.
e.g. muscular tissue which contracts to move whatever it is attached to.
what is an organ? e.g stomach.
an organ is a group of different tissues which work together to perform a specific function. e.g. muscular tissue moves the stomach to churn up food
what is an organ system? e.g. digestive system
a group of organs working together to perform a function. e.g. stomach and small intestines which digest food
what is mesophyll tissue?
where most of the photosynthesis takes place
what is the xylem and phloems job?
transport minerals and water around the plant.
xylem-water phloem-minerals
equation for photosynthesis?
carbon dioxide + water –> oxygen +glucose
limiting factors of photosynthesis?
carbon dioxide, light and temperature.
what is the green substance in leaves that is used in photosynthesis?
chloroplasts/chlorophyll
why is it important that a plant doesnt get too hot?
the enzymes will denature if the plant gets too hot and therefore it will die.
three things a gardener can do to make sure they have good plants?
grow in a a greenhouse so that the plants have maximum sunlight, use a paraffin heater which releases co2 and gives off heat.
different ways a plant uses glucose?
for respiration, making cell walls, making proteins, stored seeds and stored as starch.
what is a habitat?
the place where an organism lives
5 environmental factors that can effect the distribution of a organism?
1) temperature
2) water
3) oxygen and carbon dioxide
4) nutrients
5) light
two ways of measuring organisms?
1) quadrats in two sample areas
2) placing quadrats along a transect
how do you work out the population size?
work out the mean of each quadrat
then multiply the mean by the total area of the habitat
