Biology 6.1-6.3

Question 1

Emulsification

Answer 1

Bile make fat into smaller droplets lol

Question 2

Peristalsis

Answer 2

food be going down throat and intestine by squeeze lol

Question 3

antagonistic

Answer 3

the peristalsis muscles work like that

Question 4

Lacteal

Answer 4

Part of villus that is part of lymphatic system and takes fats from lumen of small intestine

Question 5

protease

Answer 5

it fr come from the pancreas doe and den break down proteins doe

Question 6

villi have goblet cells and lacteals and capillaries

Answer 6

yea

Question 7

mucosa

Answer 7

outlermost layer doe. It got the villi on it and this increases the area of epithelium

Question 8

Exopeptidase

Answer 8

it an enzyme obviously doe but like it made in the walls of small intestine and it be removing single amino acids from the end of small polypeptides:)

Question 9

Carbohydrates

Answer 9

them be broken down in da mouf and small intestine

Question 10

Proteins

Answer 10

dems be broken down in da stomach and small intestine

Question 11

lipids

Answer 11

they fr be only broken down in da small intestine

Question 12

Blood capillary

Answer 12

it fr absorbs amino acids and monosaccharides

Question 13

goblet cells

Answer 13

they fr secrete mucus to facilitate the movement of chyme

Question 14

SA Node(Sinoatrial)

Answer 14

makes the atria contract (left and right atriums

Question 15

T-helper cells

Answer 15

trigger the activiation of macrophages B cells and T killer cells

Question 16

Medulla oblongata

Answer 16

monitors Blood pressure, Blood PH, and carbon dioxide concetration

Question 17

Epinephrine

Answer 17

hormone used to stimulate faster heart beats - released from adrenal glands above the kidneys and causes stimulation of the SA node

Question 18

vasodilation occurs

Answer 18

When the heart relaxes between beats

Question 19

vasoconstriction occurs

Answer 19

when the heart contracts during beats

Question 20

Capillaries connect

Answer 20

Arterioles to venules

Question 21

Tunica Media

Answer 21

contains muscle and elastic fibres in veins and arteries

Question 22

arterial end of capillary pressure

Answer 22

is high and causes the tissue or interstitial fluid to form

Question 23

the role of the SAN(pacemaker)

Answer 23

Initiates the electrical signals that spreads via the atrial walls to the rest of the heart

Question 24

Atherosclerosis

Answer 24

buildup of fats, cholesterol, and other substances in or on the artery walls - can be caused by Diabetes and smoking

Question 25

systolic

Answer 25

when ventricles be contracting pressure

Question 26

diastolic

Answer 26

blood pressure when the heart is relaxed

Question 27

Hydrostatic pressure

Answer 27

causes the loss of water and other molecules from capillaries in order to facilitate the production of tissue fluid

Question 28

Vagus Nerve

Answer 28

Slows down the heart rate

Question 29

SA node

Answer 29

sends impulses that cause the contraction of the atrial walls

Question 30

SV stroke volume

Answer 30

could be affected by size of heart and prolonged aerobic exercises

Question 31

Anti body production sequence

Answer 31

Antigen recognition - Activation of B and T lymphocytes - cell division of B lymphocytes - plasma cells produce antibodies

Question 32

Plasma cells

Answer 32

Releases Antibodies and are triggered to clone themselves via mitosis in order to fight pathogens

Question 33

Plasma B-cells

Answer 33

make the antibodies if it is the first time meeting a foreign pathogen. Clonal selection is carried out by the T-cells which select the appropriate B-cells to clone itself into plasma B-cells (for direct antibody production) and memory B-cells (producing antibodies upon secondary infection)

Question 34

Fungi

Answer 34

makes the most antibodies

Question 35

Sebaceous glands in skin

Answer 35

serves to secrete sebum which lowers PH and maintains skin moisture

Question 36

Memory B-cells

Answer 36

create antibodies when encountering a foreign pathogen for the second time

Question 37

Antibiotics can affect...

Answer 37

Cell wall synthesis, protein synthesis, and cell membrane function but not mRNA processing in the nucleus

Question 38

Reverse Transcriptase

Answer 38

enzyme found in HIV which allows a copy of the viral RNA to be produced within the host cell

Question 39

What happens when your skin is cut

Answer 39

1. Platelets release clotting factors 2.Thrombin is produced 3.Fibrinogen is converted into fibrin

Question 40

Thrombin

Answer 40

catalyses the conversion of Fibrinogen to Fibrin Clotting factors cause prothrombin to be converted to thrombin

Question 41

Antigens or Prions

Answer 41

enter the body and trigger an immune response

Question 42

HIV infects T helper cells

Question 43

Pathogen

Answer 43

is disease causing and has proteins called antigens on its surface which trigger the immune response

Question 44

clotting factor 8 is missing in Hemophiliacs

Question 45

antibiotics

Answer 45

inhibit membrane formation, ribosome function, DNA replication, transcription, and translation in bacteria

Question 46

thrombus

Answer 46

when plaques or atherosclerosis or cholesterol plaques build up in arteries this increases the chance of a thrombus occurring therefore preventing cellular respiration and cells will die

Question 47

Antibody makeup

Answer 47

Four polypeptide chains, two heavy and two light chains

Question 48

endopeptidase

Answer 48

man it take like the entire polypeptide instead of the terminal amino acid