Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Science > Biology > Flashcards

Biology Flashcards

(41 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Give a word equation for photosynthesis

A

Carbon dioxide + water - glucose + oxygen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q 
Give he functions of the:
Root
Leaf
Stem
Flower
A

Roots: absorbs water and. Minerals
Leaves: Photosynthesis occurs
Stem: Holds flower above ground
Flower: Reproductive organs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What minerals do plants need?

A

Nitrate for protein

Magnesium for chlorophyll

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q 
Provide the functions for:
Cell wall
Cell membrane
Chloroplast
Nucleus
Vacuole
Cytoplasm
A 
Cell wall: Provides structure
Cell membrane: keeps toxic substance out
Chloroplast: Produce and store food
Nucleus: Controls activities within cell
Vacuole: Store nutrients and water
Cytoplasm: Protects cell
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the male and female part of the flower?

A

Male: stigma; pollen contains male gametes
Female: stigma, ovaries, style; Ovule contains female gametes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Name all 7 parts of the digestive system and give their functions

A

Mouth: chews food
Oesophagus: moves food
Stomach: mixes food into creamy liquid
Pancreas: makes enzymes
Liver: makes alkaline fluid to neutralize acid from stomach
Small intestine: Digests proteins, carbs and absorbs amino acids, sugars etc…
Large intestine: absorbs water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Name 3 types of enzymes

A

Lipase
Amylase
Protease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Name the parts of the circulatory system

A

Right atrium: deoxygenated blood flows from here to lungs
Right ventricles: body to deoxygenated blood from RA to lungs
Left atrium: Gets oxygenated blood from lungs
Left ventricles: Oxygenated blood to body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q 
What are the functions fo a:
Plasma
Red blood cell
White blood cell
Platelets
A

Plasma: pale yellow liquid from blood; carries digested/waste products
Red blood cells: carries oxygen from lungs to tissue; biconcave disc; survives 120 days
White blood cells: larger than RBC but fewer; defends body from diseases
Platelets: helps blood clot

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Name the bone that protects our brain

A

Cranium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Name the bones from our shoulders and arms

A 
Scapula
Humerus
Ulna
Radius
Carpels
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Name the bones from our leg

A

Femur
Tibia
Fibula

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is a hinge joint and a ball and socket joint?

A

Hinge joint: joint that moves only 1 direction

Ball and socket joint: joint moving in almost all directions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is a vertebrate?

A

Vertebrate: animal with back bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is a:
Mollusks
Annelids
Arthropod

A

Mollusks: animal with soft body
Annelids: worms with body divided into segments
Arthropods: invertebrates with jointed legs; has exoskeleton

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Name all the planets in the solar system

A 
Mercury
Venus
Earth
Mars
Jupiter
Saturn
Uranus
Neptune
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is a:
Rocky planet
Gas giants

Study These Flashcards
A

Rocky planet: warm and dense planets

Gas giants: big and cold

18
Q

What is the difference between breathing and respiration?

Study These Flashcards
A

Breathing: movement of gases in and out of lungs
Respiration: Breakdown of nutrients molecules to release energy

19
Q

What is aerobic respiration?

Study These Flashcards
A

Aerobic respiration: releasing energy from glucose by reacting with O2

20
Q

Where does gas exchange occur?

21
Q

Describe the process of making fossils:

Study These Flashcards
A
  • organisms die and sink into sea floor
  • sediments surrounding skeleton thickens
  • Skeleton dissolves leaving a mold of the skeleton
  • water come into cracks and crystalizes
  • over millions of years, fossils are made
22
Q

Name the three types of rocks and how they are formed

Study These Flashcards
A

Igneous: comes from volcano
Sedimentary: comes from rivers
Metamorphic: formed by pressure/heat

23
Q 
What is the function of the:
Nervous system
Digestive system
Respiratory system
Excretory system
Study These Flashcards
A

Nervous system: sends message from to muscles to coordinate activate activities of bodies
Digestive system: breaks down food so energy it contains can be used by body
Respiratory system: takes O2 from air and releases CO2
Excretory system: removes poisonous liquid wastes

24
Q

What can you find in a movable joint?

Study These Flashcards
A

Ligaments: hold bones together
Cartilages: protects ends of bones from wear
Synovial fluid: reduces friction as bones move

25
What is an antagonistic muscle?
When muscles are arranged in pairs and one contracts (gets shorter) and one relax.
26
``` Describe the functions of these nutrients: Proteins Fats Carbohydrates Vitamins Minerals ```
Proteins: growth and repair of body tissues; produce amino acids Fats: provides energy stored in body; produce fatty acids and glycerol Carbohydrates: provides energy which can be used quickly; produce simple sugar Vitamins: wide range of functions keeping body healthy Minerals: wide range of functions keeping body healthy and maintaining structure
27
``` What can the lack of these nutrients cause? Vitamin A Vitamin B Vitamin C Vitamin B Iron ```
``` Vitamin A: can’t see in the dark Vitamin B: beriberi Vitamin C: scurvy Vitamin B: rickets Iron: anaemia ```
28
``` What are the functions of these from the respiratory system? Nose Windpipe/trachea Lung Bronchi Bronchioles Alveoli Chest wall Diaphragm ```
Nose: hairs filter dust; mucus traps bacteria Windpipe: ciliated cells move bacteria trapped in mucus to top of windpipe for swallowing Lung: organ where gas exchange happens Bronchi: tube to lung with same features are windpipe Bronchioles: tubes with muscles in walls carry air to alveoli Alveoli: gaseous exchange happens Chest wall: ribs rise to increase chest volume and draw air in and decrease to push air out Diaphragm: contracts to increase chest volume to draw air in; push air out is opposite
29
``` Give the functions for these reproductive organs: Testis (2) Glands Penis Ovary(2) Oviduct Uterus Vagina ```
Testis (2): contains sac called scrotum to keep cool for sperm production Glands: produce fluid that mix with sperm to form semen Penis: delivers semen to vagina Ovary(2): produces eggs Oviduct: one next to each ovary; contains ciliated cells which move egg along oviduct Uterus: place where fetus develops Vagina: receives penis and semen
30
Describe the process of fertilisation
- Sperm swims from vagina through uterus into oviduct. If egg is present in oviduct, the head of sperm breaks off and enters the egg - occurs when male and female gamete join together and form cell called zygote
31
Describe the foetal development
- zygote divides to form ball of cells; cell on surface of zygote forms placenta - placenta takes food and O2 from mother to fetus and wastes from fetus to mother - placenta produces hormones stopping ovaries to produce more eggs - fetus connected to placenta by umbilical cord and its surrounded by amnion - amnion is filled with watery liquid called amniotic fluid
32
``` Describe the consequences of bad habits during pregnancy: Lack of nutrients Alcohol Smoking STDs Tuberculosis (TB) Malaria Rubella ```
Lack of nutrients: slows fetal growth Alcohol: reduces sperm reductions; causes nerve damage to baby Smoking: slows fetal growth STDs: makes female infertile Tuberculosis (TB): can kill fetus Malaria: slows growth of fetus and can kill it Rubella: can cause nerve and heart damage to fetus
33
What is a microorganism? | And give ways on what is important and why.
Organism made from body with only one cell. Are important in many ways: Decomposition: bacteria and fungi break down organisms and release minerals into soil for plants Food production: yeast (fungus) used to make bread; bacteria used to make yoghurt Disease
34
``` Give the. Functions of these. Important cell. Types: Muscle cell Nerve cell Ciliated epithelium cell Root hair cell ```
Muscle cell: if arranged in layers, can move food in esophagus, stomach and intestine Nerve cell: electrical signals pass along fibre giving messages for brain and muscles Ciliated epithelium cell: cells line windpipe; cilia move dust-filled mucus away from lungs Root hair cell: cells form near root tip to take water from soil
35
``` Give functions for: Cells Tissues Organs Organisms ```
Cells of one type. Are arranged into groups called tissues Tissues: groups of tissues join together to form organ Organs: group organs which perform particular task form a system Organisms: are formed by group of organ system
36
Give the plant adaptations to these habitats and conditions: Rainforest: hot, humid, sunlit roof, dark on floor Dessert: hot in day, cold at night, short period of rainfall onto well drained soil River
Rainforest: trees have leaves on top of trunk to receive sunlight. Dessert: have thick waxy skins to prevent water loss; long roots to get water from deep soil. River: plants take in CO2 dissolved in water; takes minerals dissolved in water through stem and leaves; roots to hold pant in mud.
37
What is a food chain and food web?
Food: chain shows path of food and energy it contains through series of organisms as one feeds on another. Food web: food chains in habitat linked together.
38
How are the plant kingdom and animal kingdom divided?
Plant kingdom: divided into 5 large subgroups (algae, mosses and liverwort, ferns, conifers, flowering plants). Animal kingdom: divided into invertebrates and vertebrates *kingdom = largest group Species = smallest group
39
Genetic material
- -nucleus- of cell contains -chromosomes- on which are call -genes- - -genes- are made up from -DNA- - chromosomes are arranged in pairs; when gametes are produced, they receive only one of each pair of chromosomes - when gamete fuse in fertilization, zygote receives one half of its chromosomes from each parent
40
What is selective breeding?
- is used to produce varieties in a species which have particular useful features
41
``` Give the things you can find in each art of the earth layers: Crust Mantle Outer core Inner core ```
Crust: igneous, metamorphic, sedimentary Mantle: rocky materials containing Si, O2, Fe and Mg Outer core: liquid Fe and Ni Inner core: solid Fe and Ni

Science (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions