Biology and Behavior

Question 1

What are the three kinds of nerve cells in the nervous system?

Answer 1

1. Sensory neurons
2. Motor neurons
3. Interneurons

Question 2

Sensory neurons

Answer 2

Aka. afferent neurons

Transmit sensory information from receptors to the spinal cord and brain.

Question 3

Motor neurons

Answer 3

Aks. efferent neurons

Transmit motor information from the brain and spinal cord to muscles and glands.

Question 4

Interneurons

Answer 4

Found between other neurons and tmare the most numerous of the three types of neurons

Question 5

Where are interneurons located?

Answer 5

They are located predominantly in the brain wnd soinal cord and are often linked to reflective behavior. Reflex ares control this type of behavior.

Question 6

Reflex ares

Answer 6

Neutral circuits

Question 7

What two primary components can the nervous system be divided into?

Answer 7

The Central Nervous System (CNS)

The Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)

Question 8

What is the CNS composed of?

Answer 8

The brain and spinal cord

Question 9

What is the PNS composed of?

Answer 9

31 pairs of spinal nerves and 12 pairs od cranial nerves.

Question 10

What nervous system is the Okfactory and optic nerves (cranial nerves 1 & 2) part of?

Answer 10

They are structurally outgrows of the CNS but they are considered conponents of the PNS.

Question 11

What connecte the CNA to the rest of the body?

Answer 11

The PNS

Question 12

What can the PNS be subdivided to?

Answer 12

Somatic and automatic nervous systems

Question 13

Somatic Nervous System

Answer 13

Consists of sensory and motor neurons distributed throughout the skin, joints, and muscles.

Question 14

What do sensory neurons transmit information through?

Answer 14

Afferent fibers

Question 15

What do motor impulses travel along?

Answer 15

Efferent fibers

Question 16

Autonomic nervous system

Answer 16

Regulates heartbeat, respiration, digestion, and glandular sectetions. It manages involuntary muscles associated with many internal organs and glands. It helps regulate body temperature by activating sweating or piloerection, depending we are too hot or too cold.

Question 17

What are the two subdivisions of the Autonomic Nervous System?

Answer 17

Sympathetic and Parasympathetic

Question 18

What is the parasympathetic nervous system for?

Answer 18

To conserve energy

Question 19

What is the parasympathetic nervous system associated with?

Answer 19

Resting and sleeping states, and acts to reduce heart rate and constrict the bronchi.

Question 20

What is responsible for managing digestion?

Answer 20

The parasympathetic nervous system. It does this by increasing peristalsis for parasympathetic respinse in the body.

Question 21

What is the sympathetic nervous system activated by?

Answer 21

Stress

Question 22

What is the sympathetic nervous system closely related to?

Answer 22

Rage and fear reactions, aka. “Fight or flight.”

Question 23

When activated what are the 7 things the sympathetic nervous system does?

Answer 23

1. Increases heart rate
2. Redistributes blood to muscles of locomotion
3. Increases blood glucose concentration
4. Relaxes the bronchi
5. Decreases digestion and peristalsis
6. Dialates the eyes to maximize light intake
7. Releases epinephrine into the bloodstream