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Endo I > Biology and Histology of Pulp and PA Tissues > Flashcards

Biology and Histology of Pulp and PA Tissues Flashcards

1
Q

what is a pulpal organ

A

central mass of a tooth consisting of soft tissue that is densely innervated by afferent fibers, sympathetic fibers, vascular structures, lymphatics and specialized cells such as odontoblasts and fibroblasts

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2
Q

what cells are found in pulp and what is the most common cell type in pulp

A

fibroblasts- most common
odontoblasts

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3
Q

what are the primary functions of the pulpal organ and describe each

A
  • formative: odontoblasts- dentin and ameloblasts -enamel
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4
Q

what are the secondary functions of the pulpal organ

A

supportive
- protection
- sensation
- defense
- repair

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5
Q

what do fibroblasts arise from

A

undifferentiated ectomesenchymal cell

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6
Q

what do fibroblasts do

A

elaborates type I and II collagen fibers and ground substance
- wound healing
- pulpal regeneration

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7
Q

what do odontoblasts do

A
  • unique to the pulp
  • responsible for dentinogenesis
  • amelogenesis
  • produced collagen fiber and proteoglycan matrix which becomes mineralized
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8
Q

where do odontoblasts processes extend into

A

tubules

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9
Q

what nerves innervate the pulp

A

-trigeminal nerve V2 and V3 in maxillary and mandibular
- PM from mylohyoid
- cervical spinal C2 and C3

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10
Q

IA block alone may provide _____

A

insufficient anesthesia

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11
Q

are the nerves that supply dental pulp myelinated or not

A

both

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12
Q

which fibers are the largest diameter in order of largest to smallest

A

A alpha > A beta> A gamma> A delta > C fibers

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13
Q

what fibers are fastest to slowest

A

A alpha> A beta> A gamma> A Delta > C fibers

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14
Q

which fiber is unmyelinated

A

C fibers

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15
Q

describe A fibers

A
  • low stimulation threshold, quicker response, pain characteristics are sharp and pricking
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16
Q

describe C fibers

A
  • high stimulation threshold
  • slow in onset
  • dull and aching and more diffuse less bearable pain
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17
Q

what should you think with A fibers

A

acute pain maybe RP

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18
Q

what should you think with C fibers

A

chronic damage, IP, pulpal pain

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19
Q

what is Branstromms hydrodynamic theory

A

anything that causes movement of the fluid within the dentinal tubules causes pain in the pulp

20
Q

what are the common etiologies of pulp irritation

A
  • microbiological
  • mechanical
  • chemical
    -trauma
21
Q

the pulp is amazingly resilient if covered by at least ______

A

0.5mm of healthy dentin

22
Q

reasonable trauma to the pulp can be survived if____

A

bacteria are minimized or eliminated

23
Q

many of the etiologies of pulpal damage are ____

A

iatrogenic

24
Q

describe pulp polyp (hyperplastic pulpitis)

A

doesnt hurt but cant heal

25
Q

describe the response of dental pulp to aging

A

uniform deposition of tertiary dentin reducing the size of the pulp but retaining the general form as the tooth ages

26
Q

what is another name forcalcific metamorphosis

A

pulp sclerosis or dystrophic calcification

27
Q

what is calcific metamorphosis

A
  • a combo of secondary or tertiary dentin formation in response to extensive and chronic injuries befoer the pulp became necrotic
  • no deposition unless pulp is vital
28
Q

what is the #1 threat to health of the dental pulp

A

caries

29
Q

how big are bacteria

A

0.2 - 5 um

30
Q

how big are tubules

A

50 um

31
Q

what are the most common causes of portals of assess of microbiological irritants

A

caries and leaking restoration

32
Q

what is the central goa of RCT obturation

A

to seal all portals of access

33
Q

what does cutting with insufficient coolant cause

A
  • aspiration of odontoblasts into tubules
  • cooking of the pulp in its own juices
  • if beyond limits of repair = pulp necrosis
34
Q

what temperature does pulp necrosis occur at

A

10 degrees celsius

35
Q

what do mechanical irritants cause

A
  • excessive air drying of exposed dentin: aspiration
  • application of desiccants: alcohol ,chloroform , cavi
  • pulp exposure
36
Q

what can mechanical irritants be

A

polishing
- use of laser

37
Q

what does tertiary dentin do

A
  • deposited over time in the immediate area of the injury by fibroblasts in an attempt to repair, protect, or insulate the pulp from further injury
  • general form of pulp it altered
38
Q

what layers tertiary dentin

A

fibroblasts

39
Q

what are external accidents cause by

A

falls and sports accidents

40
Q

what is internal trauma caused by

A

para- normal habits like bruxism

41
Q

what irritating or toxic elements can cause pulpal injury

A
  • direct pulp cap or indirect pulp cap
  • disinfecting agents
  • acidic preparations
  • composites
42
Q

what is the diameter and velocity of conduction of A alpha fibers

A
  • 12-20 um
    70-120 m/sec
43
Q

what is the diameter and velocity of conduction of A beta fibers

A
  • 5-12 um
  • 30-70 m/sec
44
Q

what is the diameter and velocity of conduction of A gamma fibers

A
  • 3-6 um
    15-30 m/sec
45
Q

what is the diameter and velocity of conduction of A delta fibers

A
  • 1-5 um
  • 6-30 m/sec
46
Q

what is the diameter and velocity of conduction of C fibers fibers

A
  • 0.4-1
  • 0.5-2 m/sec
47
Q

what is the diameter and conduction velocity of A alpha fibers

A

12-20 um
70-120 m/sec

Endo I (13 decks)

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