Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Biology > Biology AQA GCSE Topic 1 > Flashcards

Biology AQA GCSE Topic 1 Flashcards

(51 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

The funtion of Cell wall

A

Strengthens the cell and gives support (make out of cellulose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

The funtion of vacuole

A

Support the cell and keeps it rigid.A permanent vacuole is a fluid-filled sac that stores water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

The funtion of chloroplast

A

Contains chlorophyll for photosynthesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

The funtion of chlorophyll

A

Green pigment that adsorbs light energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

The funtion of nucleus

A

Contains genetic information and controls the cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

The funtion of cytoplasm

A

Where most chemical reactions occur, controlled by enzymes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

The funtion of cell membrane

A

Controls movemnt of substances in and out of the cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

The funtion of mitochondria

A

Site of respiration,where energy is released

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

The funtion of ribosomes

A

Protein synthesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Funtion of Root hair cell

A

Absordbing water and minerals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Adaption of Root hair cell

A

Lots of mitochondria to transfer minerals, increased surface area to absorb more water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Function of nerve cell

A

Carry electrical impulses around body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Adaption of nerve cell

A

Lots of dentrites to make connections to other cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Function of sperm cells

A

To contain genetic information from male and to fertilise egg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Adaption of sperm cell

A

Long tail to move and middle section full of mitochondria to transfer enegry for tail.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Function of muscle cell

A

Contract and relax in pairs to move bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Adaption of muscle cell

A

Contains special proteins that slide over each other making fibres contract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Define adaption and function

A

Adaption means features or changes that help cells do their job and function means it’s job

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Explain when cells become specialised in animals and plants

A

In animals cells become specialised in early development and in plants cells become specialised throught their lifetime

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

How do you convert cm to mm,mm to cm,mm to µm, µm to mm?

A

cm to mm x 10
mm to cm ÷ 10
mm to µm x 1000
µm to mm ÷ 1000

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

How do you calculate magnification?

Study These Flashcards
A

Magnification=image size/actual size

22
Q

Deffine chromosones

Study These Flashcards
A

Thread-like structure made up of DNA and found in the nucleus of the cell.

23
Q

Define gene

Study These Flashcards
A

A short section of DNA carrying genetic information

24
Q

Define allele

Study These Flashcards
A

Diffrent versions of the same cell

25
Explain why chromosones are found in pairs
They are found in pairs because each chromosone is from each parent
26
Describe how genetic information is stored in cells using key terms (chromosones,nucleus,gene,DNA)
Genetic information is stored in cells primarily in the form of DNA, which is organized into structures called chromosomes. Each chromosome is located within the nucleus of the cell and contains many genes, which are specific sequences of DNA that code for proteins and determine traits. The arrangement and sequence of these genes within the chromosomes are essential for the proper functioning and development of an organism. Thus, the nucleus serves as the control center for storing and managing this vital genetic information.
27
Why do cells need to divide?
Cells need to divide for growth, repair and reproduction.
28
How many daughter cells are produced in mitosis? Are they genetically different from the parent?
During mitosis two identical daughter cells are produced.
29
What are stem cells? What types are there? Where are they found?
Cells that can diffrentiate to become a specilised cell which can perform a specific function. There are two main types of stem cells:embryonic and adult.There are also meristems (plant verions of stem cells).In the plant you can find meristems in the roots and shoots. Tou can find stem cells in tissues and bone marrow.
30
Define diffusion
Diffusion is the movement of particles from an high cocentration to an area of low concentration until the concentrations are equal (equilibrium)
31
Why is diffusion described as a passive process?
It is a passive process because it does not require energy
32
What factors could speed up or slow down diffusion?Why?
Temperature (more kinetic energy) Distance(shorter the distance, higher the rate) Surface area (more surface area=faster) Concentration(bigger difference= faster rate)
33
Give examples of where diffusion occurs in the body
Lungs
34
Define osmosis
Osmosis refers specifically to the diffusion of water molecules across a partially permable membrane from an area of high water concentration to an area of low water concentration.
35
Define Active transport
Active transport is a movement of subtances from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration of a substance through a partially-permable membrane.This movement requires energy.
36
1st stage of mitosis
Interphase
37
What happens in interphase?
The DNA in chromosomes copied itself ready for mitosis
38
2nd stage of mitosis
Prophase
39
What happens in prophase?
The DNA in chromosomes and their copies condenses to become more visible.The membrane around the nucleus disappears.
40
3rd stage of mitosis
Metaphase
41
What happens in metaphase?
Chromosomes and their copies line up in the middle of the cell.
42
4th stage of mitosis
Anaphase
43
What happens in anaphase?
Chromosomes and their copies are pulled to different ends of the cell
44
5th phase of mitosis
Telophase
45
What happens in telophase?
New membranes form around the chromosomes at each end of the cell.
46
Last stage of mitosis
Cytokinesis
47
What happens in cytokinesis
The cell membrane pinches in and eventually divides into two daughter cells.
48
Why are stem cells useful?
They are useful regenerative medicine, disease treatment and research.
49
What are negatives of their use?
They pose ethical concerns,risks of Tumor formation and. Potential for immune rejection.
50
What is the cell cycle?
Interphase ,prophase ,metaphase,anaphase telophase and cytokinesis
51
How do cells prepare to divide?
A cell spends most of its time in what is called interphase, and during this time it grows, replicates its chromosomes, and prepares for cell division

Biology (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions