Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

biology > Biology b2.1 > Flashcards

Biology b2.1 Flashcards

(80 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the basic unit of life?

A

The cell.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

True or False: All living organisms are made up of one or more cells.

A

True.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Fill in the blank: The process by which cells divide to form two daughter cells is called ______.

A

mitosis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the function of the nucleus in a cell?

A

It stores genetic information and controls cell activities.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Multiple Choice: Which organelle is known as the powerhouse of the cell?

A

Mitochondria.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the role of ribosomes?

A

They synthesize proteins.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

True or False: Plant cells have chloroplasts, while animal cells do not.

A

True.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Fill in the blank: The semi-permeable membrane surrounding the cell is called the ______.

A

cell membrane.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the purpose of the cell wall in plant cells?

A

To provide structure and support.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Multiple Choice: Which process converts glucose into energy in the presence of oxygen?

A

Aerobic respiration.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is photosynthesis?

A

The process by which green plants use sunlight to synthesize foods from carbon dioxide and water.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

True or False: DNA is found in the cytoplasm of prokaryotic cells.

A

True.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Fill in the blank: The building blocks of proteins are called ______.

A

amino acids.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the role of enzymes in biological reactions?

A

They act as catalysts to speed up reactions.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Multiple Choice: Which type of RNA is involved in protein synthesis?

A

Messenger RNA (mRNA).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the function of the Golgi apparatus?

A

To modify, sort, and package proteins and lipids.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

True or False: All enzymes are proteins.

A

True.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Fill in the blank: The genetic code is carried by ______.

A

DNA.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

A

Prokaryotic cells do not have a nucleus or membrane-bound organelles, while eukaryotic cells do.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Multiple Choice: Which cell structure is responsible for detoxifying harmful substances?

A

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is the primary component of the cell membrane?

A

Phospholipids.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

True or False: Osmosis is the diffusion of water across a semi-permeable membrane.

A

True.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Fill in the blank: A solution with a higher concentration of solute than another solution is called ______.

A

hypertonic.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What is the process of cell differentiation?
The process by which a less specialized cell becomes a more specialized cell type.
26
Multiple Choice: Which type of cell division produces gametes?
Meiosis.
27
What is the role of chlorophyll in photosynthesis?
It captures light energy.
28
True or False: The mitochondria are involved in photosynthesis.
False.
29
Fill in the blank: The main product of photosynthesis is ______.
glucose.
30
What is the role of the vacuole in plant cells?
To store substances and maintain turgor pressure.
31
Multiple Choice: Which molecule is the primary energy carrier in cells?
ATP (adenosine triphosphate).
32
What is the function of lysosomes?
To digest and break down waste materials and cellular debris.
33
True or False: Active transport requires energy.
True.
34
Fill in the blank: The main stages of the cell cycle are interphase, ______, and cytokinesis.
mitosis.
35
What is the role of the cytoskeleton?
To provide structural support and shape to the cell.
36
Multiple Choice: Which structure controls the passage of substances in and out of the cell?
Cell membrane.
37
What is the term for the maintenance of a stable internal environment in an organism?
Homeostasis.
38
True or False: Stem cells can differentiate into any type of cell.
True.
39
Fill in the blank: The process by which plants release water vapor into the atmosphere is called ______.
transpiration.
40
What is the function of the plasma membrane?
To protect the cell and regulate what enters and leaves.
41
Multiple Choice: Which organelle is responsible for producing ribosomes?
Nucleolus.
42
What is the role of the rough endoplasmic reticulum?
To synthesize and transport proteins.
43
True or False: Genetic mutations can be beneficial, harmful, or neutral.
True.
44
Fill in the blank: A ______ is a segment of DNA that codes for a protein.
gene.
45
What is the difference between homozygous and heterozygous?
Homozygous has identical alleles, while heterozygous has different alleles.
46
Multiple Choice: What type of inheritance pattern does a dominant allele follow?
Complete dominance.
47
What is the purpose of a Punnett square?
To predict the genotypes of offspring from parental genotypes.
48
True or False: Genetic drift can lead to changes in allele frequencies in a population.
True.
49
Fill in the blank: The ______ is the observable expression of a genotype.
phenotype.
50
What is natural selection?
The process where organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring.
51
Multiple Choice: Which type of RNA carries amino acids to the ribosome?
Transfer RNA (tRNA).
52
What is the central dogma of molecular biology?
DNA is transcribed to RNA, which is translated to protein.
53
True or False: All cells in an organism contain the same DNA.
True.
54
Fill in the blank: The process of converting mRNA into a protein is called ______.
translation.
55
What are the two main types of cells?
Prokaryotic and eukaryotic.
56
Multiple Choice: Which structure is responsible for protein synthesis?
Ribosome.
57
What is the role of the plasma membrane?
To protect the cell and regulate what enters and exits.
58
True or False: Enzymes increase the activation energy of a reaction.
False.
59
Fill in the blank: The ______ is the part of the cell that contains the genetic material.
nucleus.
60
What is the function of the cell membrane?
To control the movement of substances in and out of the cell.
61
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a function of proteins?
Storing genetic information.
62
What is the term for a change in the DNA sequence?
Mutation.
63
True or False: Chromosomes are made of DNA and proteins.
True.
64
Fill in the blank: The ______ phase of the cell cycle is where the cell spends most of its life.
interphase.
65
What is the role of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?
To synthesize lipids and detoxify certain chemicals.
66
Multiple Choice: Which structure is responsible for packaging and distributing proteins?
Golgi apparatus.
67
What is the main function of the cell wall?
To provide structure and support to plant cells.
68
True or False: Animal cells have a cell wall.
False.
69
Fill in the blank: The ______ is a network of protein filaments that helps the cell maintain its shape.
cytoskeleton.
70
What is the function of the nucleolus?
To produce ribosomal RNA (rRNA).
71
Multiple Choice: Which of the following processes requires energy?
Active transport.
72
What is the function of chloroplasts?
To conduct photosynthesis.
73
True or False: The endoplasmic reticulum is involved in protein and lipid synthesis.
True.
74
Fill in the blank: The ______ is the organelle responsible for ATP production.
mitochondria.
75
What is the primary role of water in cells?
To act as a solvent and participate in chemical reactions.
76
Multiple Choice: Which type of cell lacks a true nucleus?
Prokaryotic cell.
77
What is the process by which cells obtain energy from glucose?
Cellular respiration.
78
True or False: All cells have a nucleus.
False.
79
Fill in the blank: The ______ cycle is a series of reactions that produce energy in the form of ATP.
Krebs.
80
What is the role of the cell membrane?
To protect the cell and regulate the movement of substances.

biology (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions