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Science > Biology -B3 > Flashcards

Biology -B3 Flashcards

0
Q

What does the nucleus do

A

It carries genetic information -DNA

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1
Q

What does the cell membrane do

A

Controls what substances go in and out of the cell

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2
Q

What does cytoplasm do

A

Where chemical reactions take place

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3
Q

What carries genetic information?

A

Chromosomes

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4
Q

What is mitochondria and where can you find it

A

In every cell in cytoplasm - site of respiration

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5
Q

What are ribosomes

A

Used to make proteins - catalyst

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6
Q

What is the equation for respiration

A

Oxygen + glucose -> carbon dioxide + water + energy

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7
Q

What are the base pairs for DNA

A

T&A and G&C

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8
Q

What makes an amino acid?

A

3 base pairs

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9
Q

What are the properties of a catalyst

A

They speed up a reaction
They are reusable
They are essential to the body for respiration and protein synthesis

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10
Q

Protest is a catalyst, what does it help make

A

Protein -> amino acid

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11
Q

Carbohydrate amylase is a catalyst, what does it make

A

Carbohydrate -> glucose

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12
Q

Lipase is a catalyst, what does it make

A

Fat -> glycerol + fatty acids

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13
Q

What is the lock and key mechanism

A

It is where the substrate molecule has the be the right shape to fit the enzyme molecule

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14
Q

What will happen to enzymes if they are put into different PHs or heated

A

Denature - change shape

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15
Q

What is the respiration symbol equation

A

6O2 + C6 H12 O6 -> energy + 6CO2 + 6H2O

16
Q

How do you work out the rate of respiration

A

Carbon dioxide (divided by) oxygen used

17
Q

Why does the body have to make new cells

A

For growth
Repair
Replace

18
Q

What’s the advantage of being multi cellular

A

We can grow large

19
Q

What is a diploid cell

A

All mammals have diploid cells

Cells that have 23 pairs of chromosomes

20
Q

What is mitosis

A

Mitosis is when cells divide to make 2 new identical cells containing the exact same number of chromosomes and genetic information as the mother cell

46 pairs -> 92 pairs -> 46 pairs

Makes 2 diploid cells

21
Q

What is meiosis

A

A form of cell division in sex cells which is not genetically identical

46 pairs -> 92 pairs -> 46 pairs -> 23 pairs

Makes 4 cells

22
Q

What is the pulmonary circuit

A

Carries blood to lungs to be oxygenated

Then back to the heart

23
Q

What is the systemic circuit

A

Takes bloom around the body

Returns deoxygenated blood to the heart

24
Q

Genetic engineering

A

S SELECTION

I ISOLATION

I INSERTION

R REPLIACTION

25
Q

What are the cloning stages

A
  1. Isolate donor cell
  2. Remove and discard the nucleus from the egg
  3. Transfer nucleus to the egg cell
  4. Stimulate cell division
  5. Implant embryo into surrogate

Science (2 decks)

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