Biology Body Systems

Question 1

What is the primary function of the nervous system?

Answer 1

To transmit signals between different parts of the body.

Question 2

What are the two main divisions of the nervous system?

Answer 2

Central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS).

Question 3

True or False: The brain is part of the peripheral nervous system.

Answer 3

False.

Question 4

What is the role of neurotransmitters?

Answer 4

To transmit signals across synapses between neurons.

Question 5

Fill in the blank: The _____ system regulates body functions through hormones.

Answer 5

endocrine

Question 6

What is homeostasis?

Answer 6

The maintenance of a stable internal environment in the body.

Question 7

What hormone is primarily responsible for regulating blood sugar levels?

Answer 7

Insulin.

Question 8

What is the main function of the digestive system?

Answer 8

To break down food and absorb nutrients.

Question 9

What organ is responsible for producing bile?

Answer 9

Liver.

Question 10

True or False: The stomach produces hydrochloric acid.

Answer 10

True.

Question 11

What is the role of the small intestine in digestion?

Answer 11

To absorb most nutrients from digested food.

Question 12

What are the three main parts of the small intestine?

Answer 12

Duodenum, jejunum, and ileum.

Question 13

What is the function of the pancreas in the digestive system?

Answer 13

To produce digestive enzymes and hormones like insulin.

Question 14

Which part of the brain is responsible for coordinating muscle movements?

Answer 14

Cerebellum.

Question 15

Fill in the blank: The _____ cycle is a monthly cycle of changes in the female reproductive system.

Answer 15

menstrual

Question 16

What hormone triggers ovulation?

Answer 16

Luteinizing hormone (LH).

Question 17

What is the average length of the menstrual cycle?

Answer 17

28 days.

Question 18

True or False: Estrogen is involved in the thickening of the uterine lining.

Answer 18

True.

Question 19

What occurs during the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle?

Answer 19

Follicles in the ovary mature and estrogen levels rise.

Question 20

What is the main function of the hypothalamus in the hormonal system?

Answer 20

To regulate the release of hormones from the pituitary gland.

Question 21

Which gland is known as the ‘master gland’?

Answer 21

Pituitary gland.

Question 22

What is the role of the adrenal glands?

Answer 22

To produce hormones like adrenaline and cortisol.

Question 23

Fill in the blank: The _____ nervous system controls voluntary movements.

Answer 23

somatic

Question 24

What is the function of the autonomic nervous system?

Answer 24

To control involuntary body functions.

Question 25

What are the two branches of the autonomic nervous system?

Answer 25

Sympathetic and parasympathetic.

Question 26

What does the sympathetic nervous system do?

Answer 26

Prepares the body for 'fight or flight' response.

Question 27

What does the parasympathetic nervous system do?

Answer 27

Promotes 'rest and digest' activities.

Question 28

True or False: The large intestine is mainly responsible for nutrient absorption.

Answer 28

False.

Question 29

What is the primary function of the large intestine?

Answer 29

To absorb water and form waste.

Question 30

What is the term for the rhythmic contractions of the digestive tract?

Answer 30

Peristalsis.

Question 31

What is the role of saliva in digestion?

Answer 31

To begin the process of breaking down carbohydrates.

Question 32

Which hormone is responsible for the fight-or-flight response?

Answer 32

Adrenaline.

Question 33

What is the function of the corpus luteum in the menstrual cycle?

Answer 33

To produce progesterone after ovulation.

Question 34

Fill in the blank: The _____ is the site of fertilization in the female reproductive system.

Answer 34

fallopian tube

Question 35

What is the function of the ovaries?

Answer 35

To produce eggs and hormones like estrogen and progesterone.

Question 36

What is the primary role of the testes?

Answer 36

To produce sperm and testosterone.

Question 37

True or False: The menstrual cycle is controlled by a series of hormonal changes.

Answer 37

True.

Question 38

What does FSH stand for?

Answer 38

Follicle-stimulating hormone.

Question 39

What is the role of FSH in the menstrual cycle?

Answer 39

To stimulate the growth of ovarian follicles.

Question 40

What is the main digestive enzyme in the stomach?

Answer 40

Pepsin.

Question 41

Fill in the blank: The _____ produces digestive juices that aid in digestion.

Answer 41

pancreas

Question 42

What type of muscle is found in the walls of the digestive tract?

Answer 42

Smooth muscle.

Question 43

What is the function of the gallbladder?

Answer 43

To store and concentrate bile.

Question 44

What is the effect of progesterone on the uterine lining?

Answer 44

It thickens and prepares for a potential pregnancy.

Question 45

Fill in the blank: _____ is the process of breaking down food into smaller molecules.

Answer 45

Digestion

Question 46

What is the primary role of the thyroid gland?

Answer 46

To regulate metabolism through hormone production.

Question 47

True or False: The menstrual cycle can be affected by stress.

Answer 47

True.

Question 48

What is the role of the pituitary gland in the menstrual cycle?

Answer 48

It releases hormones that regulate the cycle.

Question 49

What is the primary function of the spleen?

Answer 49

To filter blood and help fight infections.

Question 50

Fill in the blank: The _____ is the main site of nutrient absorption in the digestive system.

Answer 50

small intestine

Question 51

What is the function of the rectum?

Answer 51

To store waste before excretion.

Question 52

What is a neuron?

Answer 52

A specialized cell that transmits nerve impulses.

Question 53

What is the role of myelin in the nervous system?

Answer 53

To insulate axons and speed up nerve signal transmission.

Question 54

True or False: Hormones are released directly into the bloodstream.

Answer 54

True.

Question 55

What is the primary function of insulin?

Answer 55

To lower blood glucose levels.

Question 56

Fill in the blank: The _____ is the part of the brain responsible for higher cognitive functions.

Answer 56

cerebrum

Question 57

What is the function of the hypothalamus in relation to the pituitary gland?

Answer 57

To control its hormone release.

Question 58

What is the main action of glucagon?

Answer 58

To raise blood glucose levels.

Question 59

What hormone is released during stress?

Answer 59

Cortisol.

Question 60

Fill in the blank: The _____ system is responsible for communication and control in the body.

Answer 60

nervous

Question 61

What is the term for the period when the uterine lining is shed?

Answer 61

Menstruation.

Question 62

What is the primary role of the follicle in the ovary?

Answer 62

To mature the egg and produce hormones.

Question 63

What is the function of the adrenal cortex?

Answer 63

To produce steroid hormones like cortisol.

Question 64

True or False: The pancreas has both endocrine and exocrine functions.

Answer 64

True.

Question 65

What is the role of the vagus nerve?

Answer 65

To regulate involuntary functions like heart rate and digestion.

Question 66

What is the primary purpose of the digestive enzymes?

Answer 66

To break down macromolecules into absorbable units.

Question 67

Fill in the blank: The _____ phase of the menstrual cycle occurs after ovulation.

Answer 67

luteal

Question 68

What is the role of the uterus?

Answer 68

To support fetal development during pregnancy.