BIOLOGY COMPILED

Question 1

Glucose + Oxygen → Carbon Dioxide + Water + Energy

A chemical process in which oxygen is used to make energy from carbohydrates (sugars).
It is the process of producing cellular energy in the presence of oxygen.

Answer 1

Aerobic Respirration

Question 2

Prepares the sugar to access hydrogen.
No oxygen is present, therefore it is…
Takes place in the cytoplasm.
The process of breaking down glucose to produce energy.

Answer 2

Anaerobic Respiration

Question 3

reactions of photosynthesis that use energy from light to produce ATP and NADPH

Answer 3

light-dependent reactions

Question 4

set of reactions in photosynthesis that do not require light; energy from ATP and NADPH is used to build high-energy compounds such as sugar; also called the Calvin cycle

Answer 4

Light Independent Reactions

Question 5

A flattened membrane sac inside the chloroplast, used to convert light energy into chemical energy.

Answer 5

thylakoid

Question 6

stack of thylakoids

Answer 6

granum

Question 7

stroma

Answer 7

fluid portion of the chloroplast; outside of the thylakoids

Question 8

Glycolysis Products

Answer 8

2 pyruvate, 2 ATP, 2 NADH

Question 9

Organic compound with a backbone of three carbon atoms. Two molecules form as end products of glycolysis

Answer 9

Pyruvate

Question 10

second stage of cellular respiration, in which pyruvic acid is broken down into carbon dioxide in a series of energy-extracting reactions

Answer 10

Krebs Cycle

Question 11

The Krebs cycle produces…

Answer 11

2ATP, 6NADH,4 CO2 and 2FADH

Question 12

final electron acceptor

Answer 12

oxygen

Question 13

3 MAJOR COMPONENTS OF ATP

Answer 13

• NITROGEN BASE (ADENINE)
• FIVE CARBON SUGAR (RIBOSE)
• THREE PHOSPHATE GROUPS (TRIPHOSPHATE)

Question 14

tiny pores found along the undersurface of leave which facilitates the entry of carbon dioxide and release of oxygen.

Answer 14

stomata

Question 15

The most important pigment in photosynthesis, which absorbs mainly the red and blue-violet light rays ad reflects as green light.

Answer 15

Chlorophyll A

Question 16

Absorbs mainly orange and blue light, and reflects yellow green. Chlorophyll b does not participate directly in the light reactions; it channels the energy it absorbs to chlorophyll a to boost its energy.

Answer 16

Chlorophyll B

Question 17

absorbs orange pigment

Answer 17

Carotenoid

Question 18

absorbs yellow pigment

Answer 18

xanthophyll

Question 19

Absorbs gray brown pigment

Answer 19

phaeophytin A

Question 20

Absorbs yellow brown pigment

Answer 20

phaeophytin B

Question 21

large complexes of proteins and pigment that are optimized to harvest light

Answer 21

photosystems

Question 22

has p700 reaction centre. the second photosystem to be struck by sunlight

Answer 22

photosystem 1

Question 23

has p680 reaction centre. the first photosystem to be struck by sunlight

Answer 23

photosystem 2

Question 24

RuBP stands for..

Answer 24

ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate

Question 25

Rubisco stands for..

Answer 25

ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase-oxygenase

Question 26

3-phosphoglycerate?

Answer 26

3-PGA

Question 27

G3P stands for..

Answer 27

glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate

Question 28

how many turns of the calvin cycle is required to produce one molecule of glucose

Answer 28

six times

Question 29

OIL RIG MEANING

Answer 29

Oxidation is Lost, Reduction is Gained

Question 30

this is where the calvin cycle occurs

Answer 30

stroma

Question 31

a chemical reaction that happens in all living cells, including plant cells and animal cells. it is the way that energy is released from glucose

Answer 31

respiration

Question 32

two types of cellular respiration

Answer 32

anaerobic and aerobic

Question 33

Breaks down

Answer 33

(chloe may hahahah) Catabolic

Question 34

Builds up

Answer 34

anabolic

Question 35

reactant of anaerobic respiration

Answer 35

glucose

Question 36

reactants of aerobic respiration

Answer 36

glucose and oxygen

Question 37

other name for clavin cycle

Answer 37

C3

Question 38

stages of aerobic respiration

Answer 38

glycolysis, link reaction, krebs cycle, electron transport chain

Question 39

stages of anaerobic respiration

Answer 39

glycolysis, fermentation

Question 40

has 36 atp

Answer 40

eukaryote

Question 41

has 38 atp

Answer 41

prokaryote

Question 42

products of anaerobic respiration

Answer 42

animals: lactic acid yeast: ethanol+CO2

Question 43

products of aerobic respiration

Answer 43

CO2 and H2O

Question 44

'It is the process used to move protons up a concentration gradient for subsequent production of ATP'

Answer 44

Chemiosmosis

Question 45

Each pyruvate is converted into Acetyl-CoA, releasing CO₂ and producing NADH.

Answer 45

Pyruvate Decarboxylation:

Question 46

Krebs Cycle (Citric Acid Cycle

Answer 46

Acetyl-CoA combines with oxaloacetate to form citrate, generating 2 ATP, 6 NADH, 2 FADH₂, and 4 CO₂ per glucose molecule.

Question 47

Uses NADH and FADH₂ to produce a large amount of ATP (about 34) by transferring electrons across the mitochondrial membrane, with oxygen as the final electron acceptor, forming water.

Answer 47

Electron Transport Chain (ETC):