Biology Definitions

Question 1

Balanced diet

Answer 1

A diet containing the right amount of food from the six types of food

Question 2

Digestion

Answer 2

The breakdown of food into small pieces

Question 3

Absorption

Answer 3

Digested food passing into the bloodstream

Question 4

Peristaltis

Answer 4

Waves of muscular action to push food down the oesophagus

Question 5

Chemical digestion

Answer 5

Breakdown of food using enzymes

Question 6

Physical digestion

Answer 6

Breakdown of food using teeth etc.

Question 7

Enzyme

Answer 7

Proteins made in body which speed up chemical reactions without being used up

Question 8

Substrate

Answer 8

Substance that the enzyme acts on

Question 9

Product

Answer 9

Substance produced as result of an enzyme

Question 10

Response

Answer 10

Reaction to a stimulus in the environment

Question 11

Respiration

Answer 11

Process of releasing energy from food

Question 12

Aerobic respiration

Answer 12

Uses oxygen to release energy from food

Question 13

Ecology

Answer 13

Study of relationships between plants and animals in their natural habitat

Question 14

Ecosystem

Answer 14

All the plants and animals in an area interacting with each other in their environment

Question 15

Decomposers

Answer 15

Organisms that feed on dead plants and animals

Question 16

Food chains

Answer 16

Lists of organisms in which each organism is eaten by the next one in the chain

Question 17

Adaptation

Answer 17

A structure or habit that helps an organism to survive in its habitat

Question 18

Interdependence

Answer 18

How living living things depend on each other for survival

Question 19

Conservation

Answer 19

Protection and management of natural resources to prevent livings things from becoming extinct

Question 20

Sensory system

Answer 20

Makes us aware of our surroundings and allows us to respond

Question 21

Stimulus

Answer 21

Causes us to take an action called a response

Question 22

Joint

Answer 22

Where bones meet

Question 23

Synovial fluid

Answer 23

A liquid that allows joints to move more freely

Question 24

Cartilage

Answer 24

This covers the ends of bones and reduces friction

Question 25

Tendons

Answer 25

Connects muscles to bones

Question 26

Ligaments

Answer 26

Connect bone to bone

Question 27

Antagonistic pairs

Answer 27

Two muscles which pull together in separate directions

Question 28

Puberty

Answer 28

The time in a persons life when they become sexually mature

Question 29

Reproduction

Answer 29

The production of new individuals

Question 30

Gametes

Answer 30

Sex cells

Question 31

Umbilical cord

Answer 31

Connects placenta to baby at the bellybutton

Question 32

Ejaculation

Answer 32

Release of semen from the penis

Question 33

Contraception

Answer 33

The prevention of fertilisation

Question 34

Implantation

Answer 34

The group of cells burying themselves in the lining of the uterus

Question 35

Photosynthesis

Answer 35

The way in which green plants make their own food

Question 36

Stomata

Answer 36

Tiny openings on the undersides of leaves

Question 37

Xylem

Answer 37

Tubes through the stem of a plant that water and dissolved minerals go through

Question 38

Phloem

Answer 38

Tubes that food travel through

Question 39

Chlorophyll

Answer 39

A green pigment made by plants that absorbs light

Question 40

Tropism

Answer 40

A change in the growth of a plant in response to a stimulus

Question 41

Phototropism

Answer 41

The change in growth of a plant in response to light

Question 42

Geotropism

Answer 42

The change in growth of a plant in response to gravity

Question 43

Transpiration

Answer 43

The loss of water from a plant

Question 44

Transpiration stream

Answer 44

The flow of water from the roots of the stands and into the leaves

Question 45

Pollination

Answer 45

The transfer of pollen grains from an anther to a stigma

Question 46

Fertilisation in plants

Answer 46

The union of the nucleus of the pollen grain with the nucleus of an egg

Question 47

Germination

Answer 47

The resumption of growth after a period of dormancy

Question 48

Asexual reproduction

Answer 48

The formation of new individuals from the cells of a single parent

Question 49

Biotechnology

Answer 49

The use of living things or parts of living things to make useful products

Question 50

Micro organisms

Answer 50

Small living things also known as microbes

Question 51

Antibiotics

Answer 51

Chemicals made by microorganisms which kill or prevent the growth of bacteria

Question 52

Microbiology

Answer 52

The study of microorganisms

Question 53

Viruses

Answer 53

The smallest micro organisms that can exist

Question 54

Chromosomes

Answer 54

Thread like structures made of DNA and protein found in the nucleus of cells

Question 55

Genetics

Answer 55

The study of how traits or characteristics are inherited

Question 56

Genes

Answer 56

Short sections of DNA on chromosomes