Biology Essentials - DNA synthesis Flashcards Preview

Paramedic science > Biology Essentials - DNA synthesis > Flashcards

Flashcards in Biology Essentials - DNA synthesis Deck (22)
Loading flashcards...
1
Q

How many amino acids are there in humans?

A

21

2
Q

What is an essential amino acid?

A

An amino acid not made or made in too low quantities in the body

3
Q

What is a non-essential amino acid?

A

An amino acid produced in enough quantities the body

4
Q

What is a polar amino acid?

A

.

5
Q

What does an amino acid contain?

A

An amino group and carboxylic group

6
Q

What is the primary protein shape?

A

The sequence of amino acids within a protein

7
Q

What is the secondary protein shape?

A

.

8
Q

What is the Tertiary protein shape?

A

the three dimensional shape of a protein

9
Q

What is the Quaternary protein shape?

A

Quaternary structures exist in proteins with two or more polypeptide chains

10
Q

What is a big factor that determines whether something will bind to a receptor site?

A

The shape

11
Q

What determines the shape of a molecule?

A

The order of the linear amino acid chain

12
Q

What is a polarity?

A

The distribution of electrical charge over the atoms joined by the bond

13
Q

What determines where the amino acids are placed?

A

DNA, tRNA, mRNA

14
Q

What does RNA do?

A

convert the information stored in DNA into proteins

15
Q

How do polar amino acids react to water?

A

They are hydrophilic

16
Q

How do non-polar amino acids react to water?

A

They are hydrophobic

17
Q

What is transcription?

A

The base sequence of the gene is copied into an mRNA template

18
Q

What is translation?

A

The mRNA attaches to a ribosome, then amino acids attach to the corresponding amino acids on the mRNA

19
Q

What is the structure of DNA?

A

A double-stranded molecule consisting of a long sequence of 4 types of nucleotides

20
Q

What are proteins?

A

Polymers of amino acids

21
Q

Where does transcription occur?

A

The nucleus

22
Q

Where does translation occur?

A

The cytoplasm