Biology Exam Term 1

Question 1

what is an organelle

Answer 1

an organelle is a subcellular structure inside of the cell with a special function

Question 2

What is a eukaryotic cell

Answer 2

a eukaryotic cell is a large and complex cell that contains a nucleus and membrane bound organelles

Question 3

Cell Membrane

Answer 3

Controls the movement- what enters and exits the cell

Question 4

Ribosomes

Answer 4

Produces proteins for the cells

Question 5

Mitochondria

Answer 5

Produces energy for the cell by respiration

Question 6

Nucleus

Answer 6

Stores genetic information and controls cells activity

Question 7

Cytoplasm

Answer 7

Has a jelly like fluid structure where chemical reactions take place

Question 8

Prokaryotic cells

Answer 8

are smaller and simpler cells that do not have a nucleus and have a cell wall

Question 9

Does the Prokaryotic cell have a nucleus

Answer 9

It does not it has a single loop of DNA not inclosed in the nucleus free in the cytoplasm

Question 10

what is a flagella

Answer 10

flagella is a thin a long structure that helps the cell move around more easily

Question 11

What is a slime capsule

Answer 11

a slimy outer layer that increases survival and helps the cell stick onto various surfaces

Question 12

What is a cell wall made out of

Answer 12

it is made out of cellulose - a rigid structure that provides support for the cell

Question 13

Chloroplasts

Answer 13

are green structures where photosynthesis takes place

Question 14

Chlorophyll

Answer 14

a green chemical that absorbs sunlight

Question 15

Vacuole

Answer 15

A large organelle that stores food, water and starch

Question 16

What does cell differentiation mean

Answer 16

when a cell becomes specialised and carry’s out a particular function

Question 17

Red blood cell ?
Function ?
Adaptation ?

Answer 17

Red blood cells carry oxygen around the body
It has a large surface area for oxygen to pass through it
Contains haemoglobin which joins with oxygen

Question 18

Nerve Cell ?
Function ?
Adaptation ?

Answer 18

To carry nerve impulses to different part of the body
Long
Connections at each end
Can carry electrical Impulses

Question 19

Root Hair Cell
Function ?
Adaptation ?

Answer 19

Absorbs water and minerals

Large surface area for more water absorption

Question 20

Xylem Cell
Adaptation
Function

Answer 20

Transports water through the plant hollow in the centre, tubes are joined

Question 21

Osmosis

Answer 21

Is the diffusion of water molecules into or out of the cell particles move from a high to low concentration it is a passive process

Question 22

Osmosis Potato Practical

Answer 22

water would move into it and it will be swelled up because it has a low water concentration meaning that since osmosis will occur the water will move out from tube 2 since it has a high water concentration and will move from a high water concentration to a low water concentration and since the water will leave tube 2 it will shrink as the water moved out of it .Tube 2 will have a lower potential outside of it across a partially permeable membrane of the tube