Biology final

Question 1

Carbohydrate monomer

Answer 1

Monosaccharide

Question 2

Carbohydrate

Answer 2

Glucose/ quick energy

Question 3

Lipid monomer

Answer 3

Fatty acid

Question 4

Lipids

Answer 4

Long term energy

Question 5

nucleic acid monomer

Answer 5

nucleotide

Question 6

nucleic acid

Answer 6

Store info, DNA,RNA

Question 7

Proteins monomer

Answer 7

Amino acid

Question 8

Protein

Answer 8

Structure normal, enzyme

Question 9

Saturated fats at room temperature

Answer 9

solid

Question 10

Unsaturated fats at room temperature

Answer 10

liquid

Question 11

What’s the job of an enzyme?

Answer 11

speed up chemical reactions

Question 12

What can change the effectiveness of an enzyme?

Answer 12

Temperature PH enzyme, concentration

Question 13

Mitochondria

Answer 13

Energy producing (ATP)

Question 14

Chloroplast

Answer 14

Site of photosynthesis green pigment

Question 15

Golgi apparatus

Answer 15

Package and distribute proteins

Question 16

Rough ER

Answer 16

synthesize proteins dotted

Question 17

Smooth ER

Answer 17

Synthesize lipids (makes)

Question 18

cell membrane

Answer 18

thin, flexible barrier around a cell; regulates what enters and leaves the cell

Question 19

Ribosome

Answer 19

Around rough ER responsible for protein

Question 20

prokaryotic

Answer 20

No nucleus (bacteria DNA)

Question 21

Eukaryotic

Answer 21

Has a nucleus (plants animals humans)

Question 22

What are three parts to the cell theory?

Answer 22

all organisms are made of cells, all existing cells are produced by other living cells, the cell is the most basic unit of life

Question 23

Diffusion

Answer 23

Movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.

Question 24

facilitated diffusion

Answer 24

Goes to get a channel high to low

Question 25

Osmosis

Answer 25

Absorption of water high to low

Question 26

Endocytosis

Answer 26

Tries to kill bacteria in gulps it

Question 27

Exocytosis

Answer 27

takes waste puts it in extra cellular space

Question 28

sodium-potassium pump

Answer 28

protein channels where sodium and potassium are transported against the concentration gradient

Question 29

What direction does concentration move an active transport?

Answer 29

Low to high

Question 30

What direction does concentration move in passive transport?

Answer 30

High to low

Question 31

What are the aerobic steps to cellular respiration which produces the most ATP

Answer 31

Glycolysis krebs cycle ETC (Krebs cycle)

Question 32

Who performs cellular respiration?

Answer 32

autotrophs and heterotrophs (ALL LIVING THINGS)

Question 33

How do plants produce ATP?

Answer 33

photosynthesis

Question 34

What is the energy of our cells

Answer 34

ATP

Question 35

Stomata

Answer 35

Small openings on the underside of a leaf through which oxygen and carbon dioxide can move

Question 36

Homeostasis

Answer 36

process by which organisms maintain a relatively stable internal environment

Question 37

Semi conservative

Answer 37

One original strand of DNA in one new one

Question 38

central vacuole

Answer 38

stores water in plants only

Question 39

DNA helicase

Answer 39

Unzips in unwinds, breaking hydrogen bonds between nitrogen bases

Question 40

DNA polymerase

Answer 40

Adds complementary nucleotide

Question 41

What type of macromolecule is in DNA and RNA

Answer 41

nucleic acid

Question 42

What is the central dogma Basic order of protein?

Answer 42

DNA-transcription-RNA-translation-protein

Question 43

What are the most harmful mutations and why

Answer 43

Frameshift deletion, mutation changes whole DNA strand

Question 44

What is the role of transcription?

Answer 44

in nucleus second and ribosome

Question 45

What is the role of translation

Answer 45

synthesis of a protein where code of mRNA is converted to a sequence (CYTOPLASM)

Question 46

Codon

Answer 46

3 nucleotide sequence on messenger RNA that codes for a single amino acid

Question 47

Anti-codon

Answer 47

group of 3 bases on a tRNA molecule that are complementary to an mRNA codon

Question 48

what are the key steps to the scientific method

Answer 48

observation, question, hypothesis, experimentation, data analysis

Question 49

Solvent

Answer 49

the substance in which the solute dissolves

Question 50

Solute

Answer 50

liquid mixed with solute

Question 51

Solution

Answer 51

when solvent and solute mix together

Question 52

Does the sodium-potassium pump require ATP?

Answer 52

YES

Question 53

Hypertonic

Answer 53

takes on water

Question 54

Hypotonic

Answer 54

loses water

Question 55

Where does glycolysis take place? what is made? Whats breaking down

Answer 55

cytoplasm ATP pyruvic and acid is made. glucose breaks down

Question 56

Fermentation

Answer 56

Process by which cells release energy in the absence of oxygen

Question 57

what are the anaerobic processes of cellular respiration

Answer 57

Glycolysis 2. fermentation 3. lactic acid 4. alcoholic

Question 58

cellular respiration reactants

Answer 58

glucose and oxygen

Question 59

cellular respiration products

Answer 59

carbon dioxide, water, and ATP

Question 60

photosynthesis reactants

Answer 60

carbon dioxide and water

Question 61

Photosynthesis products

Answer 61

glucose and oxygen

Question 62

antiparallel

Answer 62

The DNA backbone switch

Question 63

Cytoplasm

Answer 63

A jellylike fluid inside the cell in which the organelles are suspended

Question 64

13. Enzymes what do they do?

Answer 64

Lowering activation energy

Question 65

17. What is the primary role of nucleic acid

Answer 65

Genetic info

Question 66

30. What is a major pillar of cell theory

Answer 66

Cells come from preexisting cells

Question 67

20. Which macromolecule stores energy in there long stand of carbon hydrogen bond

Answer 67

Lipid

Question 68

62. What molecule is responsible for splitting a DNA molecule

Answer 68

Helicase

Question 69

37. Energy used by ourselves what do we call it after it looses energy

Answer 69

ADP

Question 70

order of enzyme process

Answer 70

Active site, substrate, product, enzym

Question 71

Photosynthesis formula

Answer 71

6CO2+ 6H2O+ energy= C6H12O6+ 6O2