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Freshman Year > Biology Final > Flashcards

Biology Final Flashcards

1
Q

What is
C-
E-
R-

A

CLAIM
EVIDENCE
REASONING

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2
Q

What is the Scientific Method in order?

A

Observe/Ask a question
Research
Make a thesis statement
Conduct an experiment
Analyze data
Share dada

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3
Q

3 facts about the tundra

A

Extremely cold climate.
Low biotic diversity.
Simple vegetation structure.
Limitation of drainage.
Short season of growth and reproduction.
Energy and nutrients in the form of dead organic material.
Large population oscillations.

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4
Q

What is the difference between biotic and abiotic factors?

A

Biotic is living things in an ecosystem
Abiotic is a non living thing in an ecosystem.

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5
Q

List the 11 categories of the Organizations of Life in order

A

Atom
Molecule
Cell
Tissue
Organs
Organ-system
Organism
Population
Community
Ecosystem
Biosphere

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6
Q

Qualitative vs Quantitative

A

Qualitative-description of something(Jimmy is tall)
Quantitative-Numbers(Jimmy is 6’6)

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7
Q

What is an
Independent Variable
Dependent Variable
Control Variable

A

Independent-I change it/we change it
Dependent-Changes from the independent variable
Control-stays the same

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8
Q

What is Homeostatis
What is a Stumulus

A

Homeostasis is the body trying to reach equilibrium.

Stimulus is an outside force that causes the body to react

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9
Q

A positive feedback loop is the body …… to the stimulus. This happens during ……….

A

Adding
Pregnancy

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10
Q

A negative feedback loop is the body trying to get … of a stimulus. This happens when we ……. when we are cold.

A

Rid
Shiver

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11
Q

What is the rule of Energy Flow?

A

10% is transferred through consumption.
90% is lost.

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12
Q

What is the difference between a food chain and a food web?

A

A food chain is only 1 way to go.
A food web is multiple food chains intertwined and interacting together.

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13
Q

What is Ecology

A

Ecology is the study of interactions between organisms and their environment.

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14
Q

What are demographics?

A

The statistics of a Population

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15
Q

Define Population

A

A group of the same species in 1 area.

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16
Q

What is Population size?

A

Total number of individuals In a population

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17
Q

What is Population Density

A

Numberof individuals in a specific area.

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18
Q

What is Population Distribution

A

Location of individuals relative to one another.

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19
Q

What is the first species that colonizes in a vacant habitat?

A

Pioneer Species

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20
Q

Explain how Ecological Succession works

A

Regrowth of a ecosystem over time.

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21
Q

Define Primary and Secondary Succession.

A

Primary-In habitats that lack fertile soil.
Secondary-In habitats that do have fertile soil.

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22
Q

What kind of organisms does Cellular Respiration happen in?

A

All living things

23
Q

What process does cellular respiration always begin with?

A

Glycolysis

24
Q

Where in the cell does Cellular Respiration take place?

A

Cytoplasm

25
Q

What is the difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration?

A

Aerobic- needs oxygen/uses oxygen
Anaerobic-Does not need oxygen

26
Q

Kreb’s Cycle
Is this an Aerobic or Anaerobic process?

A

Aerobic meaning it needs oxygen

27
Q

What organelle does the Kreb Cycle take place.

A

Mitochondria

28
Q

What are the reactants that are needed for the Kreb Cycle to occur?

A

Glucose and pyruvates

29
Q

What are the products that are created at the end of the Kreb Cycle

A

Co2 and ATP

30
Q

What are the products that are created at the end of the light dependent cycle?

A

ATP,NADPH, O2

31
Q

Calvin Cycle
What are the reactants that are needed for this reaction to happen?
What are the products that are created at the end of this reaction?

A

ATP, NADPH, C02
Glucose, 02

32
Q

2 types of energy are essential products of photosynthesis. What are they?

A

ATP and NADPH

33
Q

What is the importance of photosynthesis?

A

ToAutotrophs cannot consume food so they
go through Photosynthesis (light dependent & Calvin) to create the reactants for cellular respiration
↳ glucose & O2

34
Q

Photosynthesis takes place in what organelle?
What gives this organelle its pigment/color?

A

Chloroplast
Chlorophyll

35
Q

Lock in

A

Lock in

36
Q

Provide the definition of photosynthesis in your own words.

A

Process in autotrophs that allows for food(glucose) to be made.

37
Q

What is the energy source that STARTS photosynthesis?

A

Sunlight

38
Q

What is the equation for photosynthesis?

A

6CO2 +6H20 +light = C6H1206 + 602

39
Q

Light Dependent Reactions
What are the reactants that are needed for this reaction to happen?

A

H20, light

40
Q

Define a Decomposer

A

Microscopic organism that breaks down dead or decaying organisms

41
Q

What is a reactant?

A

Materials/Substances that go into a reaction

42
Q

What is a product?

A

Material/Substance that comes out of a chemical reaction

43
Q

What happens between a reactant and product?

A

Reactant then a chemical reaction happens then you get a product.

44
Q

Describe Commensalism

A

One Organisms benefits where the other stays the same.

45
Q

Describe Mutualism

A

Both Organism benefit

46
Q

Describe Parasitism

A

One organism benefits positively while the other benefits negatively

47
Q

Describe Predator/Prey

A

Bird and the worm

48
Q

What is a heterotroph?

A

Can’t make its own food/Consumes other organisms for food

49
Q

Autotroph

A

Makes its own food

50
Q

Electron Transport Chain
Is this an Aerobic or Anaerobic process? What does this mean?
What organelle does this take place in?
What are the reactants that are needed for this process to happen?
What are the products that are created at the end of this process?

A

Aerobic needs oxygen
Mitochondria
02 and glucose(electrons)
H20 and ATP

51
Q

Lactic Acid Fermentation
Is this an Aerobic or Anaerobic process? What does this mean?
What kind of organism does this process happen in?
What are the reactants that are needed for this process to happen?
What are the products that are created at the end of this process?

A

Anaerobic no oxygen
Animals
02 and glucose
H20 and C02

52
Q

Alcoholic Fermentation
Is this an Aerobic or Anaerobic process? What does this mean?
What kind of organism does this process happen in?
What are the reactants that are needed for this process to happen?
What are the products that are created at the end of this process?

A

Anaerobic no oxygen
Plants and Yeast
02 and Glucose
H20 and C02

53
Q

How do Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration connect?

A

the carbon dioxide released in cellular respiration is a reactant in photosynthesis.

Freshman Year (3 decks)

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