Biology Final Flashcards
(238 cards)
1
Q
unicellular animal like creature
A
protozoa
2
Q
whip like filament that allows smaller animals to move
A
flagella
3
Q
the fake feet of the amoeba
A
pseudopods
4
Q
small hair like extensions found on protozoa
A
cilia
5
Q
disease caused by sporozoans and transmitted by misquittos
A
malaria
6
Q
green protozoan with flagella
A
euglena
7
Q
slipper like protozoa covered In cilia
A
paramecium
8
Q
units and structure of living things
A
cells
9
Q
what does the size of an organism depend on
A
number of cells
10
Q
study of cells
A
cytology
11
Q
states that all living things are mad up of cells and are made of preexisting cells
A
cell theory
12
Q
the three parts of a cell
A
- cell membrane
- nucleus
- cytoplasm
13
Q
fourth part of the cell only found in plants
A
cell wall
14
Q
powerplant of the cell
A
mitochondria
15
Q
shipping center of the cell
A
golgi apparatus
16
Q
organelles that make proteins
A
ribosomes
17
Q
recycling center of the cell
A
lysosomes
18
Q
storage space of the cell
A
vacuoles
19
Q
Where is the DNA stored
A
Nucleus
20
Q
Stable internal environment
A
Homeostasis
21
Q
opposite process of photosynthesis
A
cellular respiration
22
Q
energy carrier of the cell
A
ATP
23
Q
Process that creates ATP when there is no oxygen
A
fermentation
24
Q
normal life cycle of a cell
A
cell cycle
25
stage of a cycle between cell divisions
interphase
26
DNA molecules
Chromosome
27
process when a cell duplicates and divides
mitosis
28
first stage of cell division
prophase
29
programmed cell death
apoptosis
30
Transmission of characteristics from a parent to an offspring
heredity
31
units of genetic information
genes
32
reproduction without genetics
asexual reproduction
33
process where similar cells become unique cells
differentiation
34
normal body cells
somatic cells
35
46 somatic cells
diploid set
36
fertilized egg cell
zygote
37
cell division that leads to a haploid set
myosis
38
source of biological information
recombination
39
scientific study of heredity
genetics
40
different forms of a gene for a trait
allele
41
two forms of the same trait
homozygous
42
father of genetics
Mendel
43
trait that shows up in offspring even if a allele for a different trait is present
dominant
44
actual combination of alleles for a trait
genotype
45
physical appearance of an individual
phenotype
46
trait that only shows up if you get a copy from both parents
recessive
47
chart that helps visualize combinations of alleles
punnet square
48
organism that has two different alleles for a trait
hybrid
49
blending or mixing of traits
incomplete dominance
50
one trait will separate differently than the other
law of independent assortment
51
traits that are closely linked in a chromosome so close that they come together
linkage
52
chromosomes that determine genders
sex chromosomes
53
traits found in the x chromosome
sex linked trait
54
does not have the trait but can pass it on
carrier
55
both alleles are exposed equally
codominance
56
occurs when there are more than 2 alleles for a trait
multi allele inheritance
57
multiple genes controlling one trait
polygenic inheritance
58
sex linked disorders
hemophilia and color blindness
59
attempt to improve the human race by selectively breeding humans to make the master race
eugenics
60
part of the cell that controls heredity
nucleous
61
discovered shape and structure of DNA
Watson and Crick
62
sugar found in DNA
Deoxyribose
63
Structure of DNA
Double Helix
64
nucleic acids
RNA
65
nitrogen containing compound that makes up the rung of of DNA
Base
66
small section of DNA that is copied so ribosomes can make proteins
transcription
67
sequence of 3 bases that tells ribosomes to grab amino acids
codon
68
random change in DNA
mutation
69
living things from non living things
spontaneous generation
70
all living things are from one ancestor
evolution
71
idea that the universe is made of matter and not made by spiritual things
materialism
72
book that provides the framework to view the world
Bible
73
process used to solve scientific problems
scientific method
74
tentative solution to a scientific problems
hypothesis
75
living things only come from other living things
law of biogenesis
76
science can find all solutions to all the problems
scientism
77
basis for ones philosophy
worldview
78
present is key to the past
uniformitarianism
79
darwin's book where he published his idea of evolution
origin of species
80
remains of animals in sedimentary rock
fossils
81
fossils of a man that was a hoax
piltdown man
82
two supposed ancestors that are now confirmed to be human
neanderthal and cromagnon man
83
idea that an organ that serves the same purpose can be designed differently
analogy
84
Study of how living things interact with each other
Ecology
85
an organisms environment or home
Habitat
86
Basic unit of Ecology
Ecosystem
87
Model used by Ecologists that show the feeding relationships of animals
food web
88
Relationship in which both organisms benefit
Mutualism
89
an organisms function in a ecosystem
niche
90
relationships in which one animals benefits and the other is harmed
parasitism
91
relationship in which one animals hunts another
predation
92
another name for the water cycle
hydrologic cycle
93
responsibility to take care of the Earth because it belongs to God
stewardship
94
wise use of natural resources
conservatism
95
living organisms that move from place to place in a environment to get food
animal
96
animal without a backbone
invertebrates
97
vertebrates exhibit what symmetry?
Bilateral
98
animals with four appendages
tetrapods
99
means warm blooded
homeothermic
100
animals that bear live young
viviparous
101
animals that lay eggs
oviparous
102
egg laying mammals
echidna and platypus
103
active at night
nocturnal
104
system bats use to locate their prey
echolocation
105
order of mammals that have more in it than all the other mammals combined
rodents
106
largest living animal
blue whale
107
animals that chew the cud
ruminants
108
mammals that eat only meat
carnivore
109
animals that no longer are on this earth
extinct
110
animals with two feet
bipedal
111
fastest living animal
peregrine falcon
112
feathers that give a bird its wing shape for flight
flight feathers
113
form of flight where the bird doesn't flap its wings ,but moves horizontally
gliding
114
form of flight where the bird doesn't flap its wings, but rises up in circles
soaring
115
third eyelid found in birds and reptiles
nictitating membrane
116
annually moving to a different region
migration
117
unlearned knowledge that an animal knows from birth
instinct
118
birds keeping their eggs warm
incubation
119
means cold blooded
poikilothermic
120
animals that have eggs but bear their young inside
ovoviviparous
121
most numerous of all the reptiles
lizards
122
most common method of movement of snakes
lateral undulation
123
organs snake use to hear
quadrate bone
124
pythons are in what group of snakes
constrictors
125
snake with sensory depressions on the side of its head
pit viper
126
reptiles with a shell
turtles
127
largest living reptiles
crocodilians
128
animals that live on land and water
amphibious
129
turtles designed for terrestrial living
tortoise
130
organs frogs use for cutaneous respiration
skin
131
organs fishes use to get oxygen from water
gills
132
W shaped bands of muscle
Myomeres
133
asymmetrical fins on a shark
caudal fin
134
fish responsible for more deaths than any other combined
stingray
135
fish with no jaws
hagfish and lamprey
136
invertebrates with jointed appendages
arthropods
137
most varied of Gods creations
insects
138
Order "Toothed"
Odonata
139
Order "Straight wing"
Orthoptera
140
Order "Sheath wing"
Coleoptera
141
Order "Half wing"
Hemiptera
142
Order "Scale wing"
lepidoptera
143
Order "Two wings"
Diptera
144
Order "Same wing"
homoptera
145
Order "Membrane wing"
Hymenoptera
146
Organs spiders use to breath
Book lung
147
abdominal appendages of a crustacean
swimmerets
148
two shelled mollusks
bivalve
149
rough, file like organ that carries the food to the stomach of a gastropod
radula
150
colentrerate that goes through alternation of generations
jellyfish
151
only multicellular organism that doesn't have a nervous system
sponge
152
flatworm known for regeneration
planarian
153
study of plants
botany
154
study of living things
biology
155
any living thing
organism
156
root system with one main root system
taproot
157
plant that lives for one growing season
annual
158
tree known for white bark that peels in layers
birch
159
group of structures designed for a unit to do a specific job
system
160
structure in a system with a definite form and a definite function
organ
161
transports water from the roots to the leaves
xylem
162
transports nutrients from the leaves to the roots
phloem
163
basic structure of all living things
cell
164
part of the cell found only in plants
cell wall
165
process where a plants leaves catch the sunlight and turn it into food
photosynthesis
166
sugar produced when a plant makes food
glucose
167
part of the plant created for reproduction
flower
168
transfer of pollen from anther to stigma
pollination
169
process by which the sperm cell and egg cell unite
fertilization
170
reproductive cells of an organism
gametes
171
form of reproduction involving a sperm and egg cell
sexual reproduction
172
period of inactivity for seeds
dormancy
173
growth in length
primary growth
174
part of the tree that is the xylem
wood
175
older, inner word that doesn't conduct sap
heartwood
176
special stem that grows horizontally under the ground
rhizome
177
special stem that is meant for protection
thorn
178
one way diffusion through a semi-permeable membrane
osmosis
179
largest division in classic taxonomy
kingdom
180
plants that produce seed without flowers
gymnosperms
181
a cycle of sexual reproduction then asexual reproduction
alternation of generations
182
smallest of the chlorophyle containing organisms
algae
183
organism that gets energy from dead things
saprophyte
184
system that gives support and rigidity to the body
skeletal system
185
organism that lives in another and gets its energy from that organism
parasite
186
system responsible for the human race
reproductive system
187
work of similar cells working in a organ
tissue
188
tissue that connects bone to bone
ligaments
189
largest bone in the body
femur
190
cable of tough fibers attaching bone to muscle
tendon
191
type of bone designed to protect
flat bone
192
inflammation of the joints
arthritis
193
type of muscle found in the heart
cardiac
194
largest and strongest muscle in the body
gluteus maximus
195
shrinking of the muscle
atrophy
196
enlarging of the muscle
hypertrophy
197
principle organ of the nervous system
brain
198
inability of muscles to move
paralysis
199
Simplest act of the nervous system
reflex
200
part of the brain responsible for complex muscle movement
cerebellum
201
most commonly abused drug in the world
alcohol
202
organs responsible for taste
taste buds
203
region of the eye with the clearest vision
fovea
204
cells responsible for seeing color
cone cells
205
chemical process of life
metabolism
206
energy producing compound in the cell
carbohydrates
207
most common disease in man
dental carries
208
primary organ in digestion in absorption
small intestine
209
hormone to signal the liver to remove glucose from the blood
insulin
210
painful infection of the colon
dysentery
211
liquid portion of the blood
plasma
212
portion of the blood that is part of the immune system
white blood cells
213
universal donar
O-
214
universal recipient
AB+
215
most effective pump
heart
216
thick walled blood vessels that transport blood away from the heart
arteries
217
thin walled blood vessels that carry blood to the heart
veins
218
high blood pressure
hypertension
219
primary organ of the respiratory system
lungs
220
voicebox
larynx
221
most common respiratory illness
common cold
222
pigment responsible for skin color
melanin
223
most important excretory organ
kidney
224
master gland
pituitary gland
225
machine that does the work of the kidneys
dialysis
226
growth hormone
somatotropin
227
hormone that makes you sleepy
melatonin
228
moment that fertilization of egg cell happens
conception
229
38-40 week period from conception to birth
gestation
230
any condition that interferes with normal function of a body
disease
231
most common immunological disease
allergies
232
disease which microbes pass from man to man
communicable
233
person who harbors a disease without symptoms
carrier
234
epidemic that effects most of the world
pandemic
235
Y shaped protein molecules
antibodies
236
virus that causes Aids
HIV
237
substances effective stopping growth in liver
antibodies
238
fertilized egg
zygote
