Biology

Question 1

What are the 6 characteristics of life?

Answer 1

Cells, Energy, Response to stimulation, Growth, Reproduction, Homeostasis

Question 2

What is the smallest unit of life?

Answer 2

Cells

Question 3

What is the correct order of organization?

Answer 3

Cells - Tissue - Organ - Organ System - Organism

Question 4

What are the 3 domains of life?

Answer 4

Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukaryotes

Question 5

Main Types of subatomic particles

Answer 5

Protons (positive charge) , Electrons (negative charge), Neutrons (no charge)

Question 6

Protons are equal to …

Answer 6

Electrons

Question 7

Protons + Electrons = …

Answer 7

Atomic Mass

Question 8

What are Isotopes?

Answer 8

Atoms of elements that have different numbers of neutrons

Question 9

True or False - Atoms of the same element can have different atomic NUMBERS.

Answer 9

False

Question 10

True or False - Atoms of the same element can have different atomic MASSES.

Answer 10

True

Question 11

What is half-life?

Answer 11

The time it takes for half of the radioactive atoms to decay

Question 12

What are Isotopes used in?

Answer 12

Medicine, Carbon - Dating, and Tagging Molecules

Question 13

Molecules that form when two or more atoms join

Answer 13

Diatomic Molecules

Question 14

Consist of two or more different elements with exact proportions

Answer 14

Compounds

Question 15

What are the 6 most important elements found in living organisms?

Answer 15

Carbon
Hydrogen
Nitrogen
Oxygen
Phosphorus
Sulfur

Question 16

_ has the greatest percentage of MASS in the body

Answer 16

Oxygen

Question 17

_ has the greatest percentage of ATOMS in the body

Answer 17

Hydrogen

Question 18

Atoms try to fill the outer valence shells with _ electrons

Answer 18

8

Question 19

4 main types of bonds that hold molecules together

Answer 19

Ionic Bonds
Covalent Bonds
Hydrogen Bonds
Van Der Waals Interactions

Question 20

Atoms or molecules that have gained or lost electrons are known as _

Answer 20

Ions

Question 21

_ contain a positive charge and lose electrons

Answer 21

Cation

Question 22

_ contain a negative charge and gain electrons

Answer 22

Anion

Question 23

When cations and anions interact

Answer 23

Ionic bond

Question 24

Bonds that form when two or more atoms share electrons

Answer 24

Covalent Bonds

Question 25

_ are the strongest chemical bond.

Answer 25

Covalent Bonds

Question 26

Two main types of covalent bonds:

Answer 26

Non-polar Covalent Polar Covalent

Question 27

Electronegativity is ...

Answer 27

the pulling of an electron by one atom over

Question 28

Molecules with an unequal distribution of electrical charge

Answer 28

Polar molecules

Question 29

An attraction between polar molecules

Answer 29

Hydrogen Bond

Question 30

True or False - Hydrogen is a weak bond.

Answer 30

True

Question 31

An accumulation of e- in one location; allow geckos to climb vertically

Answer 31

Van der waals interactions

Question 32

What is a PH scale used for?

Answer 32

To measure the amount of H+ in a fluid

Question 33

On the PH scale, anything less than 7 is

Answer 33

Acidic

Question 34

On the PH scale, anything above 7 is

Answer 34

Alkaline

Question 35

Another word for Alkaline

Answer 35

Base

Question 36

PH of 7 means the liquid is

Answer 36

Neutral

Question 37

True or False - Acids donate protons.

Answer 37

True (H+)

Question 38

The weaker the Acid,,

Answer 38

The higher the PH

Question 39

The stronger the Base,,

Answer 39

The lower the PH

Question 40

Human stomach acid has a PH of

Answer 40

2.0

Question 41

True or False - Bases DO NOT accept Protons

Answer 41

False

Question 42

Avogadro's Number states...

Answer 42

1 mole = 6.02 x 10^23

Question 43

PH + POH is equal to

Answer 43

14

Question 44

Water molecules are _ and therefore experience _

Answer 44

Polar molecules, Hydrogen bonds

Question 45

The attraction between substances of the same kind

Answer 45

Cohesion

Question 46

The attraction between different substances

Answer 46

Adhesion

Question 47

Cohesion + Adhesion =

Answer 47

Capillary Action

Question 48

The ability of a fluid to move in a narrow space against gravity

Answer 48

Capillary Action

Question 49

Hydrogen bonds between water molecules allow water to absorb a great amount of _

Answer 49

Heat Energy

Question 50

What bonds allow ice to float when water freezes?

Answer 50

Hydrogen Bonds

Question 51

These bonds prevent organisms from overheating

Answer 51

Hydrogen Bonds

Question 52

True or False - Solids will always sink when placed in liquid because they are denser than liquid and gas states

Answer 52

True

Question 53

_ is the only liquid that becomes less dense as it freezes

Answer 53

Water

Question 54

Define specific heat

Answer 54

the amount of heat per unit of mass required to raise the temperature by 1 degree celsius

Question 55

Define organic compounds

Answer 55

Compounds that contain at least 1 carbon atom

Question 56

how many bonds can carbon form?

Answer 56

4

Question 57

what is a monomer?

Answer 57

Individual small organic subunit

Question 58

What are polymers?

Answer 58

Large organic compounds that consist of repeating monomers

Question 59

The reaction in which a molecule loses an OH and an H is known as

Answer 59

Dehydrolysis

Question 60

The reaction in which molecules gain OH and H is known as

Answer 60

Hydrolysis

Question 61

Group of atoms that give specific characteristics to compounds

Answer 61

Functional groups

Question 62

The 4 major organic molecules are

Answer 62

carbs, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids

Question 63

carbohydrates consist of

Answer 63

carbs, hydrogen, and oxygen

Question 64

the three types of carbs are …

Answer 64

monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides

Question 65

short term energy

Answer 65

Monosaccharides

Question 66

sucrose, maltose, and lactose are examples of

Answer 66

disaccharides

Question 67

used as energy source in plants

Answer 67

starch

Question 68

used as energy source in animals

Answer 68

glycogen

Question 69

used as structural support in plants

Answer 69

cellulose

Question 70

structural support in animals

Answer 70

chitin

Question 71

the bonds between 2 sugars

Answer 71

glycosidic bonds

Question 72

disaccharides and polysaccharides will join sugars together through a _ reaction

Answer 72

dehydrolysis

Question 73

fats, phospholipids, waxes, and sterols are examples of

Answer 73

lipids

Question 74

long term energy

Answer 74

fats

Question 75

long chain of carbon atoms bonded with hydrogen atoms are known as …

Answer 75

fatty acids

Question 76

_ are when all of the carbons are bonded to 2 hydrogen atoms

Answer 76

saturated fats

Question 77

_ are when some carbon atoms are joined by double covalent bonds

Answer 77

unsaturated fats

Question 78

contain no fatty acids

Answer 78

steroids

Question 79

consist of 2 fatty acids and a phosphate group

Answer 79

phospholipids

Question 80

major components for structure and function of cell membranes

Answer 80

phospholipids

Question 81

what are the three parts of a nucleotide?

Answer 81

nitrogen base, sugar, phosphate group

Question 82

4 major monomers/nucleotides in DNA

Answer 82

adenine, guanine, thymine, cytosine

Question 83

In DNA, Adenine (A) goes with …

Answer 83

Thymine (T)

Question 84

Guanine (G) goes with..

Answer 84

Cytosine ( C )

Question 85

In RNA, thymine is substituted with …

Answer 85

Uracil

Question 86

known as the energy currency of the cell

Answer 86

ATP