Biology Lab Exam 2 Flashcards
Micropipette
a very fine pipette for measuring, transferring, or injecting very small quantities of liquid.
“Don’ts” of Micropipetting
- Don’t use a micropipette without a tip
- Don’t put a loaded pipette with liquid on a flat surface
- Don’t allow the plunger to snap back after expelling liquid
Gel electrophoresis
method of separating macromolecules via a gel matrix (agarose)
Agarose Gel
gel mixture used for electrophoresis, polysaccharide made into gel
loading dye in gel electrophoresis
- increases the density of the DNA sample (allows them to sink through the gel well)
- allows the bands to be seen
TAE Buffer
- maintains the pH of the gel (DNA is sensitive to pH changes)
- gives the DNA a liquid to “swim” through
Restriction Endonucleases Work
- Restriction enzymes cut DNA based on the DNA sequence
- Usually 4-6 bases serve as the recognition site and as the restriction “cut” site
Photosynthesis lab
- sodium bicarbonate solution acted as the CO2 in the equation
- the leaf would float due to O2 being made (from photosynthesis) which causes the leaves in the experiment to become buoyant
- yellow light causes the leaves to float
light-dependent reactions
use energy from light to produce ATP and NADPH
Where does photosynthesis occur?
in the thylakoid (Chloroplast)
endonucleases
enzymes that cut RNA or DNA at specific sites; restriction enzymes are endonucleases that cut DNA
Bacteriophage
attacking bacteria
palindrome
sequence of DNA that reads the same forwards and backwards
Lambda
cut pieces of DNA of different sizes
What two molecules create light dependent reactions?
ATP and NADPH
