Biology LS1 Test

Question 1

What do Biologists study?

Answer 1

Life

Question 2

List the levels of biological classification.

Answer 2

• Kingdom
• Phylum
• Class
• Order
• Family
• Genus
• Species

Question 3

How do you write the scientific name?

Answer 3

2 words: Genus species (Genus is capitalized)

Question 4

What is a dichotomous key?

Answer 4

Tool to identify the identity of items in the world

Question 5

What is a specimen?

Answer 5

An individual being used as an example of its species

Question 6

What happens to your view of the specimen when you increase magnification?

Answer 6

More details

Question 7

What are the 3 microscope magnifications on a compound microscope?

Answer 7

• 4x
• 10x
• 40x

Question 8

What is the magnification for 4x on a compound microscope?

Answer 8

40x

Question 9

What is the magnification for 10x on a compound microscope?

Answer 9

100x

Question 10

What is the magnification for 40x on a compound microscope?

Answer 10

400x

Question 11

Fill in the blank: The scientific name consists of _______ words.

Answer 11

2 words

Question 12

True or False: The genus name in a scientific name is always written in lowercase.

Answer 12

False

Question 13

Fill in the blank: A specimen is an individual being used as an example of its _______.

Answer 13

species

Question 14

What are cells?

Answer 14

Basic unit of life

Cells are the smallest structural and functional units of living organisms.

Question 15

What are the three parts of cell theory?

Answer 15

• All living organisms are made of one or more cells
• Cells are the basic unit of structure and function in all living things
• All cells come from pre-existing cells

Cell theory is a fundamental concept in biology that describes the properties of cells.

Question 16

Do cell organelles have the same jobs or different jobs?

Answer 16

Different

Each organelle has a specific function that contributes to the cell’s overall operation.

Question 17

What is the function of the nucleus?

Answer 17

Keeps DNA, directs cell’s activities

The nucleus is often referred to as the control center of the cell.

Question 18

What is the function of mitochondria?

Answer 18

Use sugar molecules to create cellular energy

Mitochondria are known as the powerhouse of the cell.

Question 19

What is the function of the cell membrane?

Answer 19

Separates inside of the cell from the outside

The cell membrane controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell.

Question 20

What organelles do plant cells have that animal cells do not have?

Answer 20

• Central vacuole
• Chloroplast
• Cell wall

These organelles are essential for plant functions such as photosynthesis and maintaining turgor pressure.

Question 21

List 3 organelles that plant cells and animal cells have in common.

Answer 21

• Golgi body
• Nucleolus
• Cytoplasm

These organelles are involved in various cellular processes common to both plant and animal cells.

Question 22

What is an example of a unicellular organism?

Answer 22

Bacteria

Unicellular organisms consist of a single cell.

Question 23

What is an example of a multicellular organism?

Answer 23

Plants

Multicellular organisms are made up of multiple cells that work together.

Question 24

What are two examples of specialized cells in humans?

Answer 24

• Nerve cells
• Blood cells

Specialized cells perform unique functions necessary for the organism’s survival.

Question 25

What is the structure of the Cytoplasm?

Answer 25

Jelly like substance ## Footnote Fills the cell and gives it shape, contains enzymes that help the cell function

Question 26

What does the Cytoskeleton do?

Answer 26

Moves structures within the cell ## Footnote Can look like an X

Question 27

What is the structure of the Endoplasmic Reticulum (Rough and Smooth)?

Answer 27

Network of tubes/membranes ## Footnote Makes, folds, and transports proteins

Question 28

What is the function of the Golgi Body?

Answer 28

Sorts, packages proteins to be sent out of cell ## Footnote Looks like an upside down volcano

Question 29

What is the function of a Lysosome?

Answer 29

Contains enzymes to break down food, bacteria invaders, or worn out cell parts

Question 30

What is the primary function of Mitochondria?

Answer 30

Powerhouse of the cell, use sugar molecules to create ATP (cellular energy)

Question 31

What does the Nucleus contain?

Answer 31

Genetic information (DNA) ## Footnote Directs the cell's activities

Question 32

What is the function of the Nucleolus?

Answer 32

Produces ribosomes

Question 33

What do Ribosomes do?

Answer 33

Makes proteins

Question 34

What is the function of a Vacuole?

Answer 34

Stores substances and breaks down wastes ## Footnote Large in plant cells, small in animal cells

Question 35

What is the structure of the Cell Wall?

Answer 35

Rigid outer layer ## Footnote Provides support and protection outside the cell membrane (Plant cell only)

Question 36

What is the function of Chloroplasts?

Answer 36

Uses the sun's energy, water, and carbon dioxide to produce sugars and oxygen during photosynthesis ## Footnote Disc-shaped, contains green chlorophyll (Plant cell only)