BIOLOGY MT Flashcards
(146 cards)
1
Q
solvent molecules pass through a membrane from less concentrated to more concentrated solution
A
OSMOSIS
2
Q
ratio of solutes to water
A
OSMOLARITY
3
Q
unit of osmolarity
A
MILLIOSMOLES/LIT
4
Q
maintain constant condition
A
REGULATE
5
Q
adjust according to surrounding
A
CONFORM
6
Q
response to abiotic factors when it comes to temperature
A
THERMOREGULATOR
THERMOCONFORMER
7
Q
response to abiotic factors when it comes to osmolarity
A
OSMOREGULATOR
OSMOCONFORMER
8
Q
can regulate constant condition and maintain body temperature
A
THERMOREGULATOR
9
Q
what temperature is being maintained
A
37 CELCIUS
10
Q
adjusts temperature accoridng to environment temperature
A
THERMOCONFORM
11
Q
can regulate constant osmolarity and maintain normal osmolarity
A
OSMOREGULATORS
12
Q
osmolarity depends on environments
A
OSMOCONFORM
13
Q
what is the passive diffusion of ions?
A
HIGH TO LOW
14
Q
what is active transport of water ( when water is moving in )
A
LOW TO HIGH
15
Q
excess water
A
HYPOTONIC URINE
16
Q
absorption of ions is done by?
A
CHLORIDE CELLS
17
Q
has backbone except hogfish
A
VERTEBRATES ( OSMOREGULATORS )
18
Q
has no backbones except hogfish
A
INVERTEBRATES ( OSMOCONFORMERS )
19
Q
freshwater fish , saltwater fish , humans
A
OSMOREGULATORS
20
Q
match their body’s osmolarity to their environment
A
OSMOCONFORMERS
21
Q
lobsters, starfish , some sharks
A
OSMOCONFORMERS
22
Q
produces saliva where mechanical mastication of food takes place to form bolus
A
MOUTH
23
Q
a muscular tube that conduct peristalsis and serves as passageway of food
A
ESOPHAGUS
24
Q
produces bile that helps in the digestion of fats
A
LIVER
25
helps to digest fat
BILE
26
helps in the storage of extra bile and discharging from the cystic dust
GALL BLADDER
27
also produces enzymes , digestion of protein and starch
PANCREAS
28
tube that contains villi which absorbs nutrients and water coming from the food
SMALL INTESTINE
29
a tube that absorbs water and salts from the material
LARGE INTESTINE
30
determines what kind of feces
LARGE INTESTINE
31
an opening that eliminates feces inside the body
ANUS
32
what is the digestive process
1. INGESTION
2. DIGESTION
3. ABSORPTION
4. ELIMINATION
33
animals that live on the source of their food and eat through it
SUBSTRATE FEEDERS
34
give example of substrate feeder
CATERPILLAR
35
aquatic animals that strain the food particles from the water
FILTER FEEDERS
36
an example of filter feeders
WHALES
37
animals that suck fluid containing nutrients from another animals
FLUID FEEDERS
38
an example of fluid feeder
MOSQUITOS LEECHES
39
animals that break down and swallow large amount of food
BULK FEEDER
40
example of bulk feeder
HUMANS LIONS
41
what is the required nutrients of animal nutrition
CARBOHYDRATES
FATS
PROTEINS
42
what is the essential nutrients of animal nutrition
AMINO ACIDS
FATTY FATS
VITAMINS
MINERALS
43
building blocks of protein
AMINO ACIDS
44
polymer of fats
FATTY FATS
45
process by which light energy is converted chemical energy
PHOTOSYNTHESIS
46
it absorbs and transports water and nutrients from the soil to the rest of the plant
ROOTS
47
part of plant where photosynthesis takes place
LEAVES
48
contains chlorophyll that traps sunlight
CHLOROPLAST
49
insect eating plants capture and digest their preys through pitfalls and traps n
TRAPPING MECHANISM
50
gives sweet odor to make their prey fall into the pitcher
PITCHER PLANT
51
closes down and traps their prey when touched
VENUS FLYTRAP
52
confuses their prey when they enter traps window in the leaf
COBRA LILY
53
collects rainwater to attract their prey
YELLOWM PITCHER PLANT
54
using its sticky substances found in their leaves
SUNDEW
55
nutrients are being used
NUTRITION
56
primary source of energy
CARBOHYDRATES
57
help to heal the damaged cells
PROTEINS
58
secondary source of energy
FATS
59
two modes of nutrition
AUTOTROPHIC NUTRITION
HETEROTROPHIC NUTRITION
60
provide their own food
AUTOTROPHIC NUTRITION
61
undrergoes digestion
HETEROTROPHIC NUTRITION
62
mechanical and chemical process by which complex food substances are broken down into simpler substances
DIGESTION
63
digestion while still pagnguya
MECHANICAL
64
digestion once inside body
CHEMICAL
65
red blood cells
ERYTHROCYTES
66
Traps and feed on their prey inside their cup
MONKEY CUPS
67
macronutrients of plant nutrition
NITROGEN
POTASSIUM
PHOSPHORUS
SULFUR
CALCIUM
MAGNESIUM
68
micronutrients of plant nutrition
IRON
BORON
ZINC
MANGANESE
CHLORINE
MOLYBDENUM
COPPER
69
white blood cells
LEUKOCYCTES
70
platelets form a clots and prevent bleeding
THROMBOCYTES
71
transports water and nutrients from the different part of the plant
VASCULAR SYSTEM
72
carries water and minerals upward
XYLEM
73
moves water and nutrient through out diffferent parts of plant
PHLOEM
74
circulation to lungs and heart
PULMONARY CIRCULATION
75
circulation to different body parts
SYSTEMIC CIRCULATION
76
the blood flows through cavities since there are no vessels to conduct the blood
OPEN CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
77
the blood flow through the arteries and veins connected together by the capilarries
CLOSE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
78
excrete wastes through diffusion
SIMPLE ORGANISM
79
a muscle that is about the size of a fist
HEART
80
pumps blood throughout the body
HEART
81
a thick and elastic red colored muscular wall that carries blood away from the heart
ARTERY
82
a thinner blue colored muscular walls that returns blood back to the heart
VEIN
83
a tiny one cell thick vessek that connects the arteries and veins together
CAPILLARY
84
carries blood and nutrients inside the tissues and organs
CAPILLARY
85
gives response / command to a certain stimulus
NERVOUS SYSTEM
86
combines information from the entire body and coordinates activity across the whole organism
CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM ( CNS )
87
consists of the nerves that branch out from the brain and spinal cord form the communication network between the cns and the body parts
PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEMS ( PNS )
88
what is CNS made up of?
BRAIN AND SPINAL CORD
89
parts of forebrain ( 2)
THALAMUS
HYPOTHALAMUS
90
processes information and relays it to the cerebrum
THALAMUS
91
homeostatic control of most organs
HYPOTHALAMUS
92
controls the qualities of the mind personality intelligence learning perception and emotion
CEREBRUM
93
functions as olfactory bulb and motor cortex
FRONTAL LOBE
94
function as processing somatosensation and propriception
PARIETAL LOBE
95
functions as vision
OCCIPITAL LOBE
96
function as processing sounds and memory fucntion
TEMPORAL LOBE
97
regulates breathing blood pressure and heart rate
MEDULLA OBLONGATA
98
connects the forebrain with medulla oblongata
PONS
99
controls posture and balance
CEREBELLUM
100
tracts of nerve fibers that allow two way conduction of nerve impulses
SPINAL CORD
101
bring information from the different parts of body to brain
AFFARENT
102
bring information to the CNS to different parts of the body from the brain
EFFERENT
103
a network of nerves spread across the body
PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
104
how many pair of nerves in PNS
43 PAIRS
105
how many crainial nerves in PNS
12 CRANIAL NERVES
106
how many spinal nerves in PNS
31 SPINAL NERVES
107
receives signals in neurons
DENDRITES
108
contains cell nucleus in nuerons
CELL BODY
109
insulates the axon to help protect the neuron cell and speed up impulse conduction
MYELIN SHEATH
110
conduct nerve impulses away from the cell body
AXON
111
picks up change from mechanical stimuli
MECHANORECEPTORS
112
senses changes from temperature changes
THERMORECEPTORS
113
senses pain
NOCICERECEPTORS
114
senses glucose/hormones chemical in body
CHEMORECEPTORS
115
what does motor neutrons create?
MUSCLE CONTRACTION
MUSCLE INHIBITATION
116
Receives information from sensory neurons; process and generate message to the motor neurons
INTERNEURONS
117
voluntary control of skeletal muscles
SENSORY SOMATIC NERVOUS SYSTEM
118
controls bodily functions without conscious control
AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM
119
what does autonomic nervous system controls? ( 3)
GLANDS
SMOOTH MUSCLES
CARDIAC MUSCLES
120
”fight or flight” response
SYMPATHETHIC NERVOUS SYSTEM
121
rest and digest
PARASYMPATHETHIC NERVOUS SYSTEM
122
has no brains but has nerves yet no CNS and PNS
INVERTEBRATES NERVOUS SYSTEM
123
presence of photoreceptors detect the quality and quanitty of light
PLANTS NERVOUS CONTROL
124
plant grow toward or away from the sun
PHOTOTROPHISM
125
directional growth in response to gravity
GRAVITROPISM
126
directional response to touch
THIGMOTROPISM
127
the electrical impulses plants cells were capable to generate
ACTION POTENTIALS
128
means similar balance
HOMEOSTASIS
129
first to define homeostasis
CLAUDE BERNARD
130
when does claude bernard define homeostasis
1865
131
condition in which a system such as the human body is maintained in a more or less steady state
HOMEOSTASIS
132
middle or balance in homeostasis
SET POINT
133
fast / fleeting , is electirc based and takes a lot of energy
NERVOUS SYSTEM
134
slow and sustained chemically based and energitically efficient
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
135
4 COMPONENTS OF HOMEOSTASIS
STIMULUS
RECEPTOR
CONTROL CENTER
EFFECTOR
136
change in environment
STIMULUS
137
picks up changes and detects it
RECEPTOR
138
decides possible solution
CONTROL CENTER
139
the cells, muscles , glands that would do the possible solution
EFFECTOR
140
if the effect is opposite of the stimuLus
NEGATIVE FEEDBACK
141
needed by muscle to contract
OXYTOCIN
142
amplifies the effect of stimulus
POSITIVE FEEDBACK
143
animals that do not have internal control of their body
ECTOTHERMS
144
animals that maintain a constant body temperature in the face of environmental changes
ENDOTHERMS
145
birds and mammals
ENDOTHERMS
146
non birds and mammals
ECTOTHERMS
